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"text": "\n3746\nLeft ventricular architecture after valve replacement due to critical aortic stenosis: an approach to dis-/qualify the myth of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch?\n\nKnez, I\n\nRienmüller, R\n\nMaier, R\n\nRehak, P\n\nSchröttner, B\n\nMächler, H\n\nAnelli-Monti, M\n\nRigler, B\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000169579000009\n11404133.0\n10.1016/S1010-7940(01)00683-2\nNone\nLeft ventricular hypertrophy in patients with critical aortic stenosis (AS) is an adaptive process that compensates for high intracavitary pressure and reduces systolic wall stress followed by an increase in myocardial masses. In the present prospective clinical trial, we investigated long-term compensatory changes in left ventricular geometry and function after aortic valve replacement using mechanical bileaflet prostheses with the main emphasis on the small-sized aortic annulus and valve prosthesis-patient mismatch.\n A total of 58 patients with critical AS were assigned to the following groups according to the predictive value of prosthetic valve area index (VAI): group EXMIS: 29 patients (VAI < or =0.99), expected mismatch; group NOMIS: 29 patients (VAI < or =0.99), no mismatch. At controls T(0) (before operation/operation (OP), T(1) and T(2) (4 and 20 months after OP) the left ventricular geometry was recorded by means of Imatron electron beam tomography and the transprosthetic velocities were measured by echocardiography.\n Statistical analysis showed a consistent reduction in the absolute (P=0.04) and indexed (P=0.04) left ventricular myocardial mass for both cohorts; furthermore, there was a significant difference between EXMIS and NOMIS patients concerning the factors, time and mass reduction (P=0.005), because of distinct baselines. A logistic regression report revealed preoperative cardiac output, absolute left ventricular myocardial mass, perfusion, body surface area and the native valve orifice area as predicting coefficients and factors for a minimum mass reduction of 25%. We explain a mathematical formula that turned out to be the most sensitive for correctly classified factors.\n The left ventricular geometry and transprosthetic velocities resulted in the same postoperative recovery for both EXMIS and NOMIS patients. The presented data showed that valve prosthesis-patient mismatch had no influence in several stepwise logistic regression models. We conclude that modern mechanical bileaflet prostheses allow both acceptable hemodynamics and recovery of left ventricular hypertrophy, even in small aortic annuli.\n\nAnelli-Monti, Michael\n\nKnez, Igor\n\nMächler, Heinrich\n\nMaier, Robert\n\nRienmüller, Rainer\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n62647\nUnderweight in ski jumping: The solution of the problem.\n\nMüller, W\n\nGröschl, W\n\nMüller, R\n\nSudi, K\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000241789500013\n16739093.0\n10.1055/s-2006-923844\nNone\nUnderweight is becoming increasingly prevalent in many sports. Among world class ski jumpers, the body mass index BMI has decreased by 4 units since 1970. The BMI ignores different body properties of individuals. Particular care should be taken in groups with unusual leg length to avoid classifying them inappropriately as thin or overweight (WHO). The improved measure MI (mass index) for relative body weight overcomes this shortcoming. Anthropometric data of ski jumpers was collected during the Olympic Games in Salt Lake City (2002; participation 81 %, n = 57), during the Summer Grand Prix in Hinterzarten (2000; participation 100 %, n = 92), and during the World Cup in Planica (2000; n = 56). The BMI and the MI were determined. The MI considers the individual leg length: A person with longer legs than average has an MI > BMI, and vice versa: MI = 0.28 m/s2 (m: mass in kg, s: sitting height in meters). BMI classes of ski jumpers in the season 2004/2005 were calculated from their official individual ski length limitation which is a function of their BMI. BMI means were 19.84 in Planica, 19.58 in Hinterzarten, and 19.43 kg m(-2) in SLC. Lowest BMI was 16.4 kg m(-2). The percentage of underweight ski jumpers (BMI < 18.5 kg m(-2)) decreased from 22.8 % at the Olympic Games 2002 to 8.7 % in the season 2004/2005 due to the new ski jumping regulations. The ratio s/h = C (s = sitting height, h = height, C = cormic index) ranged from 0.49 to 0.57. Accordingly, the MI values (which are leg length corrected BMI values according to MI = BMI (C /C) (k) with k = 2 and C = 0.53) deviated remarkably from BMI values. For the 49 cases with BMI or MI or both below 18.5 kg m(-2), the classification to be underweight or not changed in 69 % when the MI was used instead of the BMI. Underweight or overweight is not only a question of cut-off points; the measure used determines the classification accuracy. A substantial improvement of weight analyses in sports medicine, public health, and general medicine as well can be obtained by using the MI instead of the BMI.\n\nMüller, Wolfram\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n115470\nSerum level of IP-10 increases predictive value of IL28B polymorphisms for spontaneous clearance of acute HCV infection.\n\nBeinhardt, S\n\nAberle, JH\n\nStrasser, M\n\nDulic-Lakovic, E\n\nMaieron, A\n\nKreil, A\n\nRutter, K\n\nStaettermayer, AF\n\nDatz, C\n\nScherzer, TM\n\nStrassl, R\n\nBischof, M\n\nStauber, R\n\nBodlaj, G\n\nLaferl, H\n\nHolzmann, H\n\nSteindl-Munda, P\n\nFerenci, P\n\nHofer, H\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000298250800032\n22192885.0\n10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.039\nNone\nBACKGROUND & AIMS: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL28B and serum levels of interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) predict outcomes of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. We associated IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917, along with serum levels of IP-10, with outcomes of patients with acute hepatitis C (AHC). METHODS: We studied 120 patients with AHC (64 male; 37 +/- 16 years old) and 96 healthy individuals (controls). The IL28B SNPs rs12979860 and rs8099917 were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction; serum concentrations of IP-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of 62 patients with AHC. RESULTS: Hepatitis C virus was cleared spontaneously from 59 patients (49.2%). The IL28B rs12979860 C/C genotype was more frequent among patients with AHC than controls (62.5% vs 39.6%; P < .001) and among patients with spontaneous clearance than those without (74.6% vs 51.7%; P = .02) (positive predictive value, 60.3%). Patients with IL28B rs12979860 C/C more frequently developed jaundice (53.2% vs 27.6%; P = .022) than carriers of the T allele. The median level of IP-10 was lower among patients with AHC and spontaneous clearance (764 [113-2470] pg/mL) than those without spontaneous clearance (1481 [141-4412] pg/mL; P = .006). Based on receiver operating characteristic analysis, 540 pg/mL IP-10 was set as the cutoff for patients most likely to have spontaneous clearance (positive predictive value, 71.4%; negative predictive value, 65.9%). Including data on IP-10 levels increased the ability of the IL28B rs12979860 C/C to identify patients most likely to have spontaneous clearance (83% of those who had an IP-10 level <540 pg/mL and 32% who had an IP-10 level >540 pg/mL) (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of serum level of IP-10 and SNPs in IL28B can identify patients with AHC who are most likely to undergo spontaneous clearance and those in need of early antiviral therapy.\n\nStauber, Rudolf\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n142767\nReduction in alkaline phosphatase is associated with longer survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis, independent of dominant stenosis.\n\nRupp, C\n\nRössler, A\n\nHalibasic, E\n\nSauer, P\n\nWeiss, KH\n\nFriedrich, K\n\nWannhoff, A\n\nStiehl, A\n\nStremmel, W\n\nTrauner, M\n\nGotthardt, DN\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000345324000005\n25316001.0\n10.1111/apt.12979\nNone\nAlkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important serum marker in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Patients with obstruction of the large bile ducts due to dominant strictures (DS) are a special, clinically important phenotype.\n To determine the impact of ALP reduction on liver transplantation-free survival in PSC patients with DS.\n Prospective cohort study in 215 PSC patients. We performed subgroup analysis for patients without DS (no DS, n = 84), DS at first presentation (DS early, n = 72) and development of DS during the course of the study (DS late, n = 59). We evaluated two scores of ALP reduction. ALP reduction 1 was defined as ALP normalisation, 50% reduction compared with baseline values, or reduction below 1.5 times of upper limit of normal (ULN) within 6 months. ALP reduction 2 was defined as ALP reduction below 1.5 times of ULN within 12 months.\n Of the patients, 59.5% reached an ALP reduction 1 and 56.7% according to ALP reduction 2. Achievement of each score was associated with longer transplantation-free survival in all three groups (ALP reduction 1: no DS P = 0.001; DS early P < 0.001; DS late P = 0.022; ALP reduction 2: no DS P = 0.014; DS early P = 0.001; DS late P = 0.002). Cox-regression analysis revealed each score as an independent predictor for improved transplantation-free survival (ALP reduction 1 and 2 P < 0.001 each). We further analysed previously published scores of ALP improvement in PSC showing also improved survival in patients with ALP normalisation or a reduction below 1.5 times of ULN (P = 0.003, P = 0.001, respectively), whereas the score determined by 40% reduction did not show significant differences in survival (P = 0.55).\n Reduction in alkaline phosphatase values within the first year is associated with improved transplantation-free survival in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis independent of the presence of dominant strictures. Alkaline phosphatase might be an adequate surrogate marker for outcome assessment in clinical studies both for patients with and without dominant strictures.\n © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n156787\nPrevalence of Atrial Fibrillation and Antithrombotic Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients: Cross-Sectional Results of the Vienna InVestigation of AtriaL Fibrillation and Thromboembolism in Patients on HemoDIalysis (VIVALDI).\n\nKönigsbrügge, O\n\nPosch, F\n\nAntlanger, M\n\nKovarik, J\n\nKlauser-Braun, R\n\nKletzmayr, J\n\nSchmaldienst, S\n\nAuinger, M\n\nZuntner, G\n\nLorenz, M\n\nGrilz, E\n\nStampfel, G\n\nSteiner, S\n\nPabinger, I\n\nSäemann, M\n\nAy, C\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000391621500058\n28052124.0\n10.1371/journal.pone.0169400\nPMC5213813\nAtrial fibrillation (AF) adds significant risk of stroke and thromboembolism in patients on hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of AF in a population-based cohort of HD patients and practice patterns of antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in AF.\n The Vienna InVestigation of AtriaL fibrillation and thromboembolism in patients on hemodialysis (VIVALDI), an ongoing prospective observational cohort study, investigates the prevalence of AF and the risk of thromboembolic events in HD patients in Vienna, Austria. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 626 patients (63.4% men, median age 66 years, approx. 73% of HD patients in Vienna), who provided informed consent. A structured interview with each patient was performed, recent and archived ECGs were viewed and medical histories were verified with electronic records.\n The overall prevalence of AF was 26.5% (166 patients, 71.1% men, median age 72 years) of which 57.8% had paroxysmal AF, 3.0% persistent AF, 32.5% permanent AF, and 6.6% of patients had newly diagnosed AF. The median CHA2DS2-VASc Score was 4 [25th-75th percentile 3-5]. In multivariable analysis, AF was independently associated with age (odds ratio: 1.05 per year increase, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.07), male sex (1.7, 1.1-2.6), history of venous thromboembolism (2.0, 1.1-3.6), congestive heart failure (1.7, 1.1-2.5), history of or active cancer (1.5, 1.0-2.4) and time on HD (1.08 per year on HD, 1.03-1.13). Antithrombotic treatment was applied in 84.4% of AF patients (anticoagulant agents in 29.5%, antiplatelet agents in 33.7%, and both in 21.1%). In AF patients, vitamin-K-antagonists were used more often than low-molecular-weight heparins (30.1% and 19.9%).\n The prevalence of AF is high amongst HD patients and is associated with age, sex, and distinct comorbidities. Practice patterns of antithrombotic treatment indicate a lack of consensus for stroke prevention in HD patients with AF.\n\nPosch, Florian\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n172229\nAcute oral application of a magnesium amino acid compound: Significant improvement of individual performance in sports\n\nPorta, S\n\nLackner, HK\n\nOpresnik, S\n\nGell, H\n\nNegreanu-Pirjol, T\n\nBratu, MM\n\nKisters, K\n\nWalzl, M\n\nTiesenhausen, C\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000455390500003\nNone\n10.5414/TEX01534\nNone\nSeventeen male officer trainees (between 20 and 24 years of age) of the Theresan Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt (Austria) have been subjected to a standardized 2, 00-m run as a fitness test. Before and after the run, capillary blood samples for determination of pH, pCO(2), pO(2), HCO3, base excess (BE), ionized Mg, and lactate were drawn, and heart rate (HR) and RRsys were determined. On the next day, the subjects received two sachets of an effervescent compound ("Dr. Bohm Mg plus Aminosauren", Apomedica, Graz, Austria) in 125 mL of tap water, containing electrolytes (Mg 150 mg, K 180 mg), trace elements (Zn 5 mg, Se 25 mu g), vitamins (vitamin C 50 mg, riboflavin 0.26 mg, niacin 8 mg, B6 1.4 mg, B-12 3 mu g), amino-acids (leucine 600 mg, isoleucine 300 mg, valin 300 mg, argininaspartate 400 mg, l-carnitine 200 mg, taurine 200 mg), and herbal antioxidants (resveratrol 2 mg, green tea extract 25 mg) after blood sampling, and the same 2, 00-m run as before was performed again with another consecutive sampling. It turned out that the drop in BE, pCO(2), HCO3, and Mg due to the run was significantly smaller in the treatment group than in controls (p < 0.05). The increase in lactate and RRsys on the other hand was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.05). Also, Mg changes due to the run were much less uniform in Mg-treated subjects. Linear correlations, which developed significantly between ionized Mg, pO(2), pCO(2), BE, and lactate, as well as significant linear correlations between heart rate and lactate, and also between Mg and running time (our performance marker), were in fact always seen in untreated subjects but never in Mg-treated participants. We deduce that acute Mg and amino acid application before sport enhances Mg availability for muscle-energy turnover, and at the same time, (enzyme) protein synthesis is enhanced. This creates an at least (vitamins and antioxidants are also applied) two-pronged useful effect on effort and performance.\n\nLackner, Helmut Karl\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n184134\nMAPPinfo, mapping quality of health information: study protocol for a validation study of an assessment instrument.\n\nKasper, J\n\nLühnen, J\n\nHinneburg, J\n\nSiebenhofer, A\n\nPosch, N\n\nBerger-Höger, B\n\nGrafe, A\n\nKeppler, J\n\nSteckelberg, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000591360100003\n33148762.0\n10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040572\nPMC7640523\nHealth information is a prerequisite of informed decision-making. Criteria for development, content and presentation have recently been published in a corresponding guideline. Within a systematic search, 27 relevant checklists were identified, none of them, however, complying with the guideline or providing reasonably operationalised measurement items. Therefore, a draft of a checklist with 19 criteria was drafted. The current study aims at developing and validating this measure of quality.\n The validation design consists of five single studies to be conducted at the University of Halle-Wittenberg/Germany and Graz/Austria. (1) Achieving content validity through expert reviews of the first draft, (2) achieving feasibility using 'think aloud' in piloting with untrained users, (3) pretesting the instrument applied to health information materials without use of secondary sources: determining inter-rater reliability and criterion validity, (4) determining construct validity using information on proceedings and methods in the development process provided by the developers and (5) determining divergent validity in comparison with the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQUIP) (expanded) Scale. The substudies will use varying samples of experts, students and developers and will apply the instrument to materials of various domains. Sample sizes will be adjusted to the particular research designs and questions. Analyses will employ qualitative methods, such as content analyses and discourse within the expert panel, and correlation-based methods both for determining inter-rater reliability and validity.\n The project is approved by the ethics committee of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (approval number: 2019 115). Results will be published, and the instrument made accessible on public health platforms. It is meant to become a certification standard. MAPPinfo can be used as a screening instrument without training or secondary sources. Although developed in the German language, the instrument will be applicable also in other languages.\n AsPredected22546; date of registration: 24 July 2019.\n July 2020.\n © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.\n\nPosch, Nicole\n\nSiebenhofer-Kroitzsch, Andrea\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n624\nCultured human sole-derived keratinocyte grafts re-express site-specific differentiation after transplantation.\n\nCompton, CC\n\nNadire, KB\n\nRegauer, S\n\nSimon, M\n\nWarland, G\n\nO'Connor, NE\n\nGallico, GG\n\nLandry, DB\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000077352600005\n9921652.0\n10.1007%2Fs002580050260\nNone\nCultured epithelial autografts (CEA) derived from sole skin were transplanted to full-thickness wounds excised to muscle fascia over a variety of diverse body sites in 12 pediatric patients treated for acute burns or giant congenital nevi. The skin regenerated from the grafts was biopsied from 7 days to 6 years after grafting. The resultant epidermal phenotype was analyzed histologically and by immunohistochemical localization of keratin 9 (K9) as objective evidence of sole-type site-specific differentiation. Expression of K9 was also verified by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis of epidermal cytoskeletal extracts and K9 immunoblot analysis. Grafts prepared from epidermis of axilla; groin or foreskin and transplanted to wounds of comparable depth in an identical manner in the same patients served as controls of postgrafting differentiation. Biopsies of sole skin from amputation specimens from patients of comparable age served as normal positive controls, and biopsies of nonsole skin from patients of comparable age served as normal negative controls. As early as 2 weeks postgrafting, the histologic appearance of sole-derived CEA differed substantively from that of axilla- or groin-derived CEA controls and displayed a phenotype characteristic of sole skin with a thick compact stratum corneum, a thick stratum granulosum, and a distinct stratum lucidum. In sole-derived grafts rete ridges regenerated within 2 months postgrafting, whereas nonsole-derived grafts required 4-6 months for rete ridge regeneration. Once acquired, the sole skin phenotype was maintained long-term by all sole-derived CEA. In vitro, sole-derived keratinocytes synthesized little, if any, K9. However, within 7 days after grafting, K9 synthesis by multiple suprabasal keratinocytes was seen within the epidermis regenerated from sole-derived CEA. Protein of K9 appeared progressively more diffuse throughout the suprabasal layers, attaining a confluent pattern of expression comparable to normal controls of sole skin by 6 to 12 months postgrafting, and the confluent pattern of suprabasal K9 synthesis was maintained long-term. The results demonstrate that site-specific differentiation is an intrinsic property of postnatal human keratinocytes and can be expressed and maintained in a permissive environment in the absence of dermal tissue.\n\nRegauer, Sigrid\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n2740\nThe human breast carcinoma cell line HBL-100 acquires exogenous cholesterol from high-density lipoprotein via CLA-1 (CD-36 and LIMPII analogous 1)-mediated selective cholesteryl ester uptake.\n\nPussinen, PJ\n\nKarten, B\n\nWintersperger, A\n\nReicher, H\n\nMcLean, M\n\nMalle, E\n\nSattler, W\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000088422000020\n10880355.0\n10.1042%2F0264-6021%3A3490559\nPMC1221179\nAberrant cell proliferation is one of the hallmarks of carcinogenesis, and cholesterol is thought to play an important role during cell proliferation and cancer progression. In the present study we examined the pathways that could contribute to enhanced proliferation rates of HBL-100 cells in the presence of apolipoprotein E-depleted high-density lipoprotein subclass 3 (HDL(3)). When HBL-100 cells were cultivated in the presence of HDL(3) (up to 200 microg/ml HDL(3) protein), the growth rates and cellular cholesterol content were directly related to the concentrations of HDL(3) in the culture medium. In principle, two pathways can contribute to cholesterol/cholesteryl ester (CE) uptake from HDL(3), (i) holoparticle- and (ii) scavenger-receptor BI (SR-BI)-mediated selective uptake of HDL(3)-associated CEs. Northern- and Western-blot analyses revealed the expression of CLA-1 (CD-36 and LIMPII analogous 1), the human homologue of the rodent HDL receptor SR-BI. In line with CLA-1 expression, selective uptake of HDL(3)-CEs exceeded HDL(3)-holoparticle uptake between 12- and 58-fold. Competition experiments demonstrated that CLA-1 ligands (oxidized HDL, oxidized and acetylated low-density lipoprotein and phosphatidylserine) inhibited selective HDL(3)-CE uptake. In line with the ligand-binding specificity of CLA-1, phosphatidylcholine did not compete for selective HDL(3)-CE uptake. Selective uptake was regulated by the availability of exogenous cholesterol and PMA, but not by adrenocorticotropic hormone. HPLC analysis revealed that a substantial part of HDL(3)-CE, which was taken up selectively, was subjected to intracellular hydrolysis. A potential candidate facilitating extralysosomal hydrolysis of HDL(3)-CE is hormone-sensitive lipase, an enzyme which was identified in HBL-100 cells by Western blots. Our findings demonstrate that HBL-100 cells are able to acquire HDL-CEs via selective uptake. Subsequent partial hydrolysis by hormone-sensitive lipase could provide 'free' cholesterol that is available for the synthesis of cellular membranes during proliferation of cancer cells.\n\nHinteregger, Helga\n\nMalle, Ernst\n\nSattler, Wolfgang\n\nWintersperger, Andrea\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n92358\nSubcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma with overlapping clinicopathologic features of lupus erythematosus: coexistence of 2 entities?\n\nPincus, LB\n\nLeBoit, PE\n\nMcCalmont, TH\n\nRicci, R\n\nBuzio, C\n\nFox, LP\n\nOliver, F\n\nCerroni, L\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000268341900001\n19590424.0\n10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181a84f32\nNone\nWe observed 5 patients with subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) who were unusual, in that they also exhibited features of lupus erythematosus (LE). This observation is in keeping with a recent study that reported an increased rate of autoimmune disease, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), among patients with SPTCL. In all cases, attributes indicating SPTCL included an infiltrate of lymphocytes with pleomorphic nuclei involving subcutaneous lobules exhibiting a cytotoxic T-cell (CD3/CD8/betaF1) immunophenotype. Additionally, a high proliferation rate and a monoclonal T-cell receptor-gamma gene rearrangement were observed in most cases. The manifestations of LE in these patients included a spectrum of clinical and histopathological abnormalities. Clinical manifestations of LE included, in some patients, morphologic evidence of lupus erythematosus panniculitis (LEP) with subcutaneous nodules that healed with lipoatrophy on the face. In addition, all the patients exhibited serologic and/or extracutaneous end-organ abnormalities seen in patients with SLE, with 2 patients having sufficient findings to meet American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE. Histopathological evidence of LE included vacuolar change at the dermal-epidermal interface in 3 patients, 2 of whom also showed interstitial deposition of mucin in the reticular dermis. One of these patients also had findings of LEP in the subcutaneous lobules with clusters of CD20 B cells partially arranged within germinal centers. In 2 patients in which neither the epidermis nor dermis was available for review, histopathological features of LE included, in one patient, a few small clusters of CD123 plasmacytoid dendritic cells within the adipose tissue and, in the other patient, a positive direct immunofluorescence test (lupus band) on clinically uninvolved and lesional skin. Our study shows that some patients show overlap between SPTCL and LE. We suspect that these patients may suffer from both diseases concomitantly. Furthermore, patients with LE, particularly LEP, should be monitored for evolution into SPTCL with biopsy of any subcutaneous lesion that is not typical of LEP. Additionally, screening for cutaneous LE and SLE could be considered in patients with SPTCL.\n\nCerroni, Lorenzo\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n106826\nDetection of Amlyogenic Risk Factors with the Vision Screener S 04\n\nStrauss, RW\n\nEhrt, O\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000283295800009\n20963683.0\n10.1055/s-0029-1245784\nNone\nIntroduction: The Vision Screener (R) (Plusoptix) was developed for the recognition of amblyogenic refractive errors without cycloplegia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specitifity for the detection of amblygenic refractive errors in preschool children. Furthermore it was investigated whether small angle strabismus as another cause for amblyopia could be detected by manual evaluation of corneal reflex images on printouts. Patients and Methods: 83 children aged between 0.5 and 6 years without strabismus had undergone 3 measurements without cycloplegia with the Vision Screener before cyclplegic retinoscopy was performed. In a second group of 72 children with orthotropia or a manifest strabismus < 10 degrees the position of the eyes without correction was evaluated in a complete orthoptic and ophthalmological examination. Three measurements with the Vision Screener were performed in non-cycloplegic status. The centre of the "cloud of viewing directions" was determined on printouts and the distance to the points of origin (middle of pupil) measured for each eye. The sum of distances of right and left eyes was taken for determination of total deviation and the assymetry was calculated by the difference of distances of the right and left eyes. Results: There was a total sensitivity of 75% (specifity 91%) for amblyogenic refractive error (prevalence: astigmatism 22%, hyperopia 6%, anisometropia 6%). A change of threshold criteria increased the total sensitivity to 86% and 93%, whereas specifity was lowered to 80% and 76%, respectively. Eight children showed a manifest strabismus. In 75% of these cases the determined deviation of corneal reflex images in the horizontal direction was outside of the normal range; analysis of asymmetry showed an abnormal result in 37.5% of the cases. Conclusion: The examination using the Vision Screener may detect refractive errors and partially small angle strabismus as amblyogenic risk factors; however, additional tests should be added for screening examinations. An ophthalmological examination including cycloplegic retinoscopy cannot be replaced. Despite acceptable sensitivity and specifity the major portion of positively screened children will be without pathological findings at cycloplegic controls, because the amount of "false-positive" results exceeds the amount of "true-positive" results based on a prevalence of 5% for amblyopia.\n\nStrauß, Rupert\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n117108\nNegative regulation of RPE cell attachment by carbohydrate-dependent cell surface binding of galectin-3 and inhibition of the ERK-MAPK pathway.\n\nAlge-Priglinger, CS\n\nAndré, S\n\nSchoeffl, H\n\nKampik, A\n\nStrauss, RW\n\nKernt, M\n\nGabius, HJ\n\nPriglinger, SG\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000288405600012\n21094672.0\n10.1016/j.biochi.2010.10.021\nNone\nAdhesion and spreading of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells on fibronectin-rich extracellular matrices is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). In the present study we explored the capacity of galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding endogenous lectin, to inhibit early PVR-associated cellular events from a therapeutic perspective. We assessed the relative expression levels of galectin-3 in native RPE and dedifferentiated, cultured RPE. Galectin-3 was constitutively expressed under in vivo and in vitro conditions and was abundant in cultured cells. Treatment of human RPE cells with soluble galectin-3 disclosed no toxicity within control limits up to 250 μg/ml. When added to the medium, galectin-3 dose-dependently inhibited attachment and spreading of the cells on fibronectin by more than 75%. When coated on the plastic surface, galectin-3 alone impaired attachment and spreading of RPE cells, and reduced attachment but not spreading on fibronectin. Galectin-3 bound to the cell surface, and, as determined by the use of the competing sugar β-lactose, galectin-3-mediated effects were dependent on carbohydrate binding. To ascertain the role of the ability of galectin-3 to form pentamers, we proteolytically removed the N-terminal, cross-linking section. The remaining C-terminal carbohydrate-binding domain alone failed to bind to cells and was functionally inactive. These results emphasize the relevance of both properties, i.e., glycan-binding and cross-linking of glycan moieties, for the inhibitory activity of galectin-3. Incubation of mobilized RPE cells with galectin-3 significantly disturbed microfilament assembly and, in correlation with decreased attachment, inhibited ERK phosphorylation. Therefore, galectin-3, acting as a cross-linking lectin on the cell surface, negatively regulates attachment and spreading of RPE cells in vitro. This effect, at least in part, is attributed to an inhibition of the ERK-MAPK pathway, which prevents cytoskeletal rearrangements needed for RPE cell attachment and spreading. Further investigation at this pathway may disclose a promising nouveau perspective for treatment and prophylaxis of early PVR.\n\nStrauß, Rupert\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n121598\nGauging triple stores with actual biological data.\n\nMironov, V\n\nSeethappan, N\n\nBlondé, W\n\nAntezana, E\n\nSplendiani, A\n\nKuiper, M\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000303935500003\n22373359.0\n10.1186/1471-2105-13-S1-S3\nPMC3471352\nSemantic Web technologies have been developed to overcome the limitations of the current Web and conventional data integration solutions. The Semantic Web is expected to link all the data present on the Internet instead of linking just documents. One of the foundations of the Semantic Web technologies is the knowledge representation language Resource Description Framework (RDF). Knowledge expressed in RDF is typically stored in so-called triple stores (also known as RDF stores), from which it can be retrieved with SPARQL, a language designed for querying RDF-based models. The Semantic Web technologies should allow federated queries over multiple triple stores. In this paper we compare the efficiency of a set of biologically relevant queries as applied to a number of different triple store implementations.\n Previously we developed a library of queries to guide the use of our knowledge base Cell Cycle Ontology implemented as a triple store. We have now compared the performance of these queries on five non-commercial triple stores: OpenLink Virtuoso (Open-Source Edition), Jena SDB, Jena TDB, SwiftOWLIM and 4Store. We examined three performance aspects: the data uploading time, the query execution time and the scalability. The queries we had chosen addressed diverse ontological or biological questions, and we found that individual store performance was quite query-specific. We identified three groups of queries displaying similar behaviour across the different stores: 1) relatively short response time queries, 2) moderate response time queries and 3) relatively long response time queries. SwiftOWLIM proved to be a winner in the first group, 4Store in the second one and Virtuoso in the third one.\n Our analysis showed that some queries behaved idiosyncratically, in a triple store specific manner, mainly with SwiftOWLIM and 4Store. Virtuoso, as expected, displayed a very balanced performance - its load time and its response time for all the tested queries were better than average among the selected stores; it showed a very good scalability and a reasonable run-to-run reproducibility. Jena SDB and Jena TDB were consistently slower than the other three implementations. Our analysis demonstrated that most queries developed for Virtuoso could be successfully used for other implementations.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n130020\nClinical effectiveness of hymenoptera venom immunotherapy: a prospective observational multicenter study of the European academy of allergology and clinical immunology interest group on insect venom hypersensitivity.\n\nRuëff, F\n\nPrzybilla, B\n\nBiló, MB\n\nMüller, U\n\nScheipl, F\n\nSeitz, MJ\n\nAberer, W\n\nBodzenta-Lukaszyk, A\n\nBonifazi, F\n\nCampi, P\n\nDarsow, U\n\nHaeberli, G\n\nHawranek, T\n\nKüchenhoff, H\n\nLang, R\n\nQuercia, O\n\nReider, N\n\nSchmid-Grendelmeier, P\n\nSeverino, M\n\nSturm, GJ\n\nTreudler, R\n\nWüthrich, B\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000319966400013\n23700415.0\n10.1371/journal.pone.0063233\nPMC3659083\nTreatment failure during venom immunotherapy (VIT) may be associated with a variety of risk factors.\n Our aim was to evaluate the association of baseline serum tryptase concentration (BTC) and of other parameters with the frequency of VIT failure during the maintenance phase.\n In this observational prospective multicenter study, we followed 357 patients with established honey bee or vespid venom allergy after the maintenance dose of VIT had been reached. In all patients, VIT effectiveness was either verified by sting challenge (n = 154) or patient self-reporting of the outcome of a field sting (n = 203). Data were collected on BTC, age, gender, preventive use of anti-allergic drugs (oral antihistamines and/or corticosteroids) right after a field sting, venom dose, antihypertensive medication, type of venom, side effects during VIT, severity of index sting reaction preceding VIT, and duration of VIT. Relative rates were calculated with generalized additive models.\n 22 patients (6.2%) developed generalized symptoms during sting challenge or after a field sting. A strong association between the frequency of VIT failure and BTC could be excluded. Due to wide confidence bands, however, weaker effects (odds ratios <3) of BTC were still possible, and were also suggested by a selective analysis of patients who had a sting challenge. The most important factor associated with VIT failure was a honey bee venom allergy. Preventive use of anti-allergic drugs may be associated with a higher protection rate.\n It is unlikely that an elevated BTC has a strong negative effect on the rate of treatment failures. The magnitude of the latter, however, may depend on the method of effectiveness assessment. Failure rate is higher in patients suffering from bee venom allergy.\n\nAberer, Werner\n\nSturm, Gunter\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n138409\nHave "new" methods in medical education reached German-speaking Central Europe: a survey.\n\nFandler, M\n\nHabersack, M\n\nDimai, HP\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000209591500001\n25129398.0\n10.1186/1472-6920-14-172\nPMC4236571\nSimulation-based-training (SBT) in the education of health professionals is discussed as an effective alternative for knowledge and skills enhancement as well as for the establishment of a secure learning environment, for learners and patients. In the Anglo-American region, SBT and simulation and training centers (STC) are numbered as standard for medical training. In German-speaking Central Europe, priority is still given to the establishment of SBT and STC. The purpose of this study was (i) to survey the status quo relating to the existence and facilities of simulation and training centers at medical universities in German-speaking Central Europe and (ii) the evaluation of training methods, especially in the area of emergency medicine skills.\n All public and private medical universities or medical faculties in Germany (36), Austria (4) and German-speaking Switzerland (3) were interviewed. In the survey, information regarding the existence and facilities of STCs and information with regards to the use of SBT in the area of emergency medicine was requested. The questions were partly posed in a closed-ended-, in an open-ended- and in a multiple choice format (with the possibility of selecting more than one answer).\n Of a total of 43 contacted medical universities/medical faculties, 40 ultimately participated in the survey. As decisive for the establishment of a STC the potential to improve the clinical-practical training and the demand by students were listed. Obligatory training in a STC during the first and sixth academic year was confirmed only by 12 institutions, before the first invasive procedure on patients by 17 institutions. 13 institutions confirmed the use of the STC for the further training of physicians and care-staff. Training for the acute care and emergency medicine skills in the field of pediatrics, for the most part, occurs decentralized.\n New methods in medical training have reached German-speaking Central Europe, but the simulation and training centers vary in size, equipment or regarding their integration into the obligatory curriculum as much as the number and variety of the offering to be trained voluntarily or on an obligatory basis.\n\nDimai, Hans\n\nLuschin-Ebengreuth, Marion\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n145186\nPrognostic value of fractional flow reserve: linking physiologic severity to clinical outcomes.\n\nJohnson, NP\n\nTóth, GG\n\nLai, D\n\nZhu, H\n\nAçar, G\n\nAgostoni, P\n\nAppelman, Y\n\nArslan, F\n\nBarbato, E\n\nChen, SL\n\nDi Serafino, L\n\nDomínguez-Franco, AJ\n\nDupouy, P\n\nEsen, AM\n\nEsen, OB\n\nHamilos, M\n\nIwasaki, K\n\nJensen, LO\n\nJiménez-Navarro, MF\n\nKatritsis, DG\n\nKocaman, SA\n\nKoo, BK\n\nLópez-Palop, R\n\nLorin, JD\n\nMiller, LH\n\nMuller, O\n\nNam, CW\n\nOud, N\n\nPuymirat, E\n\nRieber, J\n\nRioufol, G\n\nRodés-Cabau, J\n\nSedlis, SP\n\nTakeishi, Y\n\nTonino, PA\n\nVan Belle, E\n\nVerna, E\n\nWerner, GS\n\nFearon, WF\n\nPijls, NH\n\nDe Bruyne, B\n\nGould, KL\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000343489900001\n25323250.0\n10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.973\nNone\nFractional flow reserve (FFR) has become an established tool for guiding treatment, but its graded relationship to clinical outcomes as modulated by medical therapy versus revascularization remains unclear.\n The study hypothesized that FFR displays a continuous relationship between its numeric value and prognosis, such that lower FFR values confer a higher risk and therefore receive larger absolute benefits from revascularization.\n Meta-analysis of study- and patient-level data investigated prognosis after FFR measurement. An interaction term between FFR and revascularization status allowed for an outcomes-based threshold.\n A total of 9, 73 (study-level) and 6, 61 (patient-level) lesions were included with a median follow-up of 16 and 14 months, respectively. Clinical events increased as FFR decreased, and revascularization showed larger net benefit for lower baseline FFR values. Outcomes-derived FFR thresholds generally occurred around the range 0.75 to 0.80, although limited due to confounding by indication. FFR measured immediately after stenting also showed an inverse relationship with prognosis (hazard ratio: 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.80 to 0.93; p < 0.001). An FFR-assisted strategy led to revascularization roughly half as often as an anatomy-based strategy, but with 20% fewer adverse events and 10% better angina relief.\n FFR demonstrates a continuous and independent relationship with subsequent outcomes, modulated by medical therapy versus revascularization. Lesions with lower FFR values receive larger absolute benefits from revascularization. Measurement of FFR immediately after stenting also shows an inverse gradient of risk, likely from residual diffuse disease. An FFR-guided revascularization strategy significantly reduces events and increases freedom from angina with fewer procedures than an anatomy-based strategy.\n Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Inc.\n\nToth-Gayor, Gabor\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n151532\nArterial endothelial cytokines guide extravillous trophoblast invasion towards spiral arteries; an in-vitro study with the trophoblast cell line ACH-3P and female non-uterine endothelial cells.\n\nWeiss, G\n\nHuppertz, B\n\nSiwetz, M\n\nLang, I\n\nMoser, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000371950900008\n26907382.0\n10.1016/j.placenta.2015.12.010\nPMC5349466\nInvasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) is tightly linked to appropriate cell to cell contact as well as paracrine guidance of EVT by maternal uterine cells, conducted by a variety of locally expressed cytokines. Here we investigated the interaction of the first trimester trophoblast cell line ACH-3P with adult iliac arterial (AEC) and venous endothelial cells (VEC).\n The impact of ACH-3P conditioned medium (Cdm), obtained at 2.5% and 21% oxygen, on endothelial cell viability (LDH-Assay) and network formation (Matrigel-Assay) was tested. We investigated cytokine expression of AEC- and VEC-Cdm and confirmed results with ELISA analysis, and investigated the influence of Cdm on ACH-3P proliferation and invasion. Additionally, direct co-culture experiments with ACH-3P and AEC on Matrigel were performed. A subset of experiments was verified with primary trophoblasts as well as with first trimester placenta in situ specimens.\n ACH-3P-Cdm significantly enhanced cell viability of AEC and VEC after 72 h. ACH-3P-Cdm at 2.5% oxygen stabilized endothelial network structures in Matrigel up to 24 h, similar to the effect of a direct co-culture of AEC and ACH-3P. AEC and VEC showed a similar pattern of secreted cytokines. However, elevated levels of cytokines secreted by AEC were found for GRO, IL-6, MMP-1 and uPAR. ELISA confirmed elevated concentrations of IL-6 and uPAR in AEC compared to VEC. ACH-3P and primary trophoblasts more likely invaded towards AEC-Cdm than towards VEC-Cdm. Addition of IL-6 to Cdm increased the invasion potential of both cell types. AEC- and VEC-Cdm reduced ACH-3P cell proliferation after 24 h of culture. IL-6 was highly expressed in uterine AEC compared to VEC as visualized by immunohistochemistry.\n The presented results clearly demonstrate that cytokines of both cell types, AEC and trophoblasts, differentially contribute to successful guidance and interaction in the process of trophoblast invasion.\n Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nHuppertz, Berthold\n\nLang-Olip, Ingrid\n\nMoser, Gerit\n\nSiwetz, Monika\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n153925\nNGS-based BRCA1/2 mutation testing of high-grade serous ovarian cancer tissue: results and conclusions of the first international round robin trial.\n\nEndris, V\n\nStenzinger, A\n\nPfarr, N\n\nPenzel, R\n\nMöbs, M\n\nLenze, D\n\nDarb-Esfahani, S\n\nHummel, M\n\nSabine-Merkelbach-Bruse, M\n\nJung, A\n\nLehmann, U\n\nKreipe, H\n\nKirchner, T\n\nBüttner, R\n\nJochum, W\n\nHöfler, G\n\nDietel, M\n\nWeichert, W\n\nSchirmacher, P\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000379265500007\n27003155.0\n10.1007/s00428-016-1919-8\nNone\nWith the approval of olaparib as monotherapy treatment in platinum-sensitive, relapsed high-grade serous ovarian cancer by the European Medical Agency (EMA), comprehensive genotyping of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in tumor tissue has become a mandatory pre-therapeutic test. This requires significant advances in routine tumor test methodologies due to the large size of both genes and the lack of mutational hot spots. Classical focused screening approaches, like Sanger sequencing, do not allow for a sensitive, rapid, and economic analysis of tumor tissue. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches employing targeted panels for BRCA1/2 to interrogate formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor samples from either surgical resection or biopsy specimens can overcome these limitations. Although focused NGS methods have been implemented by few centers in routine molecular diagnostics for the analysis of some druggable oncogenic mutations, the reliable diagnostic testing of the entire coding regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was a new challenge requiring extensive technological improvement and quality management. Here, we describe the implementation and results of the first round robin trial for BRCA1/2 mutation testing in tumor tissue that was conducted in central Europe on May 2015, shortly after the approval and prior to the official release of olaparib. The high success rate of 81 % (21/26 test centers) demonstrates that BRCA1/2 multicenter mutation testing is well feasible in FFPE tumor tissue, extending to other tumor entities beyond ovarian cancer. The high number of test centers passing the trial demonstrates the success of the concerted efforts by German, Swiss, and Austrian pathology centers to ensure quality-controlled NGS-based testing and proves the potential of this technology in routine molecular pathology. On the basis of our results, we provide recommendations for predictive testing of tumor tissue for BRCA1/2 to clinical decision making in ovarian cancer patients.\n\nHöfler, Gerald\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n163234\nHepatic, Renal, Hematologic, and Inflammatory Markers in HIV-Infected Children on Long-term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.\n\nMelvin, AJ\n\nWarshaw, M\n\nCompagnucci, A\n\nSaidi, Y\n\nHarrison, L\n\nTurkova, A\n\nTudor-Williams, G\n\nTudor-Williams, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000416622700015\n28903520.0\n10.1093/jpids/pix050\nPMC5907869\nData on long-term toxicity of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children are sparse. PENPACT-1 was an open-label trial in which HIV-infected children were assigned randomly to receive protease inhibitor (PI)- or nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based ART.\n We examined changes in clinical, immunologic, and inflammatory markers from baseline to year 4 in the subset of children in the PENPACT-1 study who experienced viral suppression between week 24 and year 4 of ART. Liver enzyme, creatinine, and cholesterol levels and hematologic parameters were assessed during the trial. Cystatin C, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), d-dimer, and soluble CD14 (sCD14) were assayed from cryopreserved specimens.\n Ninety-nine children (52 on PI-based and 47 on NNRTI-based ART) met inclusion criteria. The median age at initiation of ART was 6.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 3.7-13.4 years), and 22% were aged <3 years at ART initiation; 56% of the PI-treated children received lopinavir/ritonavir, and 70% of NNRTI-treated children received efavirenz initially. We found no evidence of significant clinical toxicity in either group; growth, liver, kidney, and hematologic parameters either remained unchanged or improved between baseline and year 4. Total cholesterol levels increased modestly, but no difference between the groups was found. IL-6 and hs-CRP levels decreased more after 4 years in the NNRTI-based ART group. The median change in IL-6 level was -0.35 pg/ml in the PI-based ART group and -1.0 in the NNRTI-based ART group (P = .05), and the median change in hs-CRP level was 0.25 µg/ml in the PI-based ART group and -0.95 µg/ml in the NNRTI-based ART group (P = .005).\n These results support the safety of prolonged ART use in HIV-infected children and suggest that suppressive NNRTI-based regimens can be associated with lower levels of systemic inflammation.\n © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n164096\nSeparation of low and high grade colon and rectum carcinoma by eukaryotic translation initiation factors 1, 5 and 6.\n\nGolob-Schwarzl, N\n\nSchweiger, C\n\nKoller, C\n\nKrassnig, S\n\nGogg-Kamerer, M\n\nGantenbein, N\n\nToeglhofer, AM\n\nWodlej, C\n\nBergler, H\n\nPertschy, B\n\nUranitsch, S\n\nHolter, M\n\nEl-Heliebi, A\n\nFuchs, J\n\nPunschart, A\n\nStiegler, P\n\nKeil, M\n\nHoffmann, J\n\nHenderson, D\n\nLehrach, H\n\nReinhard, C\n\nRegenbrecht, C\n\nSchicho, R\n\nFickert, P\n\nLax, S\n\nHaybaeck, J\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000419533200022\n29254159.0\n10.18632/oncotarget.20642\nPMC5731869\nColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Furthermore, with more than 1.2 million cases registered per year, it constitutes the third most frequent diagnosed cancer entity worldwide. Deregulation of protein synthesis has received considerable attention as a major step in cancer development and progression. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) are involved in the regulation of protein synthesis and are functionally linked to the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. The identification of factors accounting for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) development is a major gap in the field. Besides the importance of eIF3 subunits and the eIF4 complex, eIF1, eIF5 and eIF6 were found to be altered in primary and metastatic CRC. We observed significant difference in the expression profile between low and high grade CRC. eIF1, eIF5 and eIF6 are involved in translational control in CRC. Our findings also indicate a probable clinical impact when separating them into low and high grade colon and rectum carcinoma. eIF and mTOR expression were analysed on protein and mRNA level in primary low and high grade colon carcinoma (CC) and rectum carcinoma (RC) samples in comparison to non-neoplastic tissue without any disease-related pathology. To assess the therapeutic potential of targeting eIF1, eIF5 and eIF6 siRNA knockdown in HCT116 and HT29 cells was performed. We evaluated the eIF knockdown efficacy on protein and mRNA level and investigated proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, as well as colony forming and polysome associated fractions. These results indicate that eIFs, in particular eIF1, eIF5 and eIF6 play a major role in translational control in colon and rectum cancer.\n\nEl-Heliebi, Amin\n\nFickert, Peter\n\nFuchs, Julia\n\nGolob-Schwarzl, Nicole\n\nHaybäck, Johannes\n\nHolter, Magdalena\n\nSchicho, Rudolf\n\nSkofler, Christina\n\nStiegler, Philipp\n\n\n"
}
]
}