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"text": "\n5086\nEvaluation of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome.\n\nHorwath-Winter, J\n\nBerghold, A\n\nSchmut, O\n\nFloegel, I\n\nSolhdju, V\n\nBodner, E\n\nSchwantzer, G\n\nHaller-Schober, EM\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000185930100001\n14557170.0\n10.1001/archopht.121.10.1364\nNone\nOBJECTIVE: To assess subjective symptoms, tear function factors, and ocular surface morphology in the clinical course of patients with dry eye syndrome under treatment within an observation period of up to 8 years. METHODS: In 97 patients (78 women and 19 men) with ocular discomfort, a clinical diagnosis of dry eye syndrome was made based on typical symptoms and a reduced tear film breakup time of less than 10 seconds. Subsequent evaluations revealed a diagnosis of aqueous tear deficiency in 9 patients, meibomian gland dysfunction in 32 patients, and aqueous tear deficiency combined with meibomian gland dysfunction in 30 patients, aqueous tear deficiency associated with Sjögren syndrome in 12 patients, and aqueous tear deficiency and meibomian gland dysfunction associated with Sjögren syndrome in 14 patients. Follow-up assessments were performed 12 to 94 months (mean follow-up, 40 months) after the initial diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In different subgroups of dry eye tear film breakup time, Schirmer test without local anesthesia (Schirmer I), fluorescein and rose bengal staining, impression cytology, as well as subjective dry eye symptoms and frequency of tear substitute application were compared at baseline and after a follow-up of 1 to 8 years (mean, 3.3 years). RESULTS: At baseline, tear film function and ocular surface test results found more pathologic abnormalities and more severe subjective symptoms in patients with aqueous tear deficiency associated with Sjögren syndrome and aqueous tear deficiency and meibomian gland dysfunction associated with Sjögren syndrome compared with the other groups who had dry eye syndrome. No differences in frequency of tear substitute application were observed. At follow-up, tear breakup time, Schirmer I test results, and corneal fluorescein staining improved compared with baseline values, whereas rose bengal staining and impression cytology of the conjunctival surface remained almost unchanged. Subjective symptoms and frequency of artificial tear application were reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Within the observation period of up to 8 years, the dry eye syndrome improved or stabilized under appropriate treatment. Although no patient was completely cured, subjective reports as well as frequency of artificial tear application were reduced.\n\nBerghold, Andrea\n\nBoldin, Ingrid\n\nHorwath-Winter, Jutta\n\nSchwantzer, Gerold\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n22680\nNUP98 is fused to topoisomerase (DNA) IIbeta 180 kDa (TOP2B) in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia with a new t(3;11)(p24;p15).\n\nNebral, K\n\nSchmidt, HH\n\nHaas, OA\n\nStrehl, S\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000232016100011\n16166424.0\n10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0150\nNone\nPurpose: The nucleoporin 98 kDa (NUP98) gene has been reported to be fused to 17 different partner genes in various hematologic malignancies with 11p15 aberrations. Cytogenetic analysis of an adult de novo acute myelogenous leukemia (M5a) revealed a t(3;11)(p24;p15), suggesting rearrangement of NUP98 with a novel partner gene. Experimental Design: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to confirm the involvement of NUP98 in the t(3;11) (p24;p15). Selection of possible NUP98 partner genes was done by computer-aided analysis of the 3p24 region using the University of California Santa Cruz genome browser. Fusion gene-specific FISH and reverse transcription-PCR analyses were done to verify the presence of the new NUP98 fusion. Experimental Design: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to confirm the involvement of NUP98 in the t(3;11) (p24;p15). Selection of possible NUP98 partner genes was done by computer-aided analysis of the 3p24 region using the University of California Santa Cruz genome browser. Fusion gene-specific FISH and reverse transcription-PCR analyses were done to verify the presence of the new NUP98 fusion. Results: FISH analysis using a NUP98-specific clone showed a split signal, indicating that the NUP98 gene was affected by the translocation. Of the genes localized at 3p24, TOP2B was selected as a possible fusion partner candidate gene. Dual-color fusion gene-specific FISH and reverse transcription-PCR analysis verified that NUP98 was indeed fused to TOP2B. In addition to reciprocal NUP98-TOP2B and TOP2B-NUP98 in-frame fusion transcripts, an alternatively spliced out-of-frame TOP2B-NUP98 transcript that resulted in a premature stop codon was detected. Analysis of the genomic breakpoints revealed typical signs of nonhomologous end joining resulting from error-prone DNA repair. Conclusions: TOP2B encodes a type 11 topoisomerase, which is involved in DNA transcription, replication, recombination, and mitosis, and besides TOP1, represents the second NUP98 fusion partner gene that belongs to the topoisomerase gene family.This finding emphasizes the important role of topoisomerases in malignant transformation processes.\n\nSchmidt, Helmut\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n70921\nShortening versus isometric contractions in isolated human failing and non-failing left ventricular myocardium: dependency of external work and force on muscle length, heart rate and inotropic stimulation.\n\nHolubarsch, C\n\nLüdemann, J\n\nWiessner, S\n\nRuf, T\n\nSchulte-Baukloh, H\n\nSchmidt-Schweda, S\n\nPieske, B\n\nPosival, H\n\nJust, H\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000072071600009\n9539857.0\n10.1016/S0008-6363(97)00215-0\nNone\nBACKGROUND: For reasons of simplicity, studies on isolated human myocardium have been conducted using exclusively isometric contractions, although positive inotropic interventions may differently influence force development, extent of shortening and myocardial work performance. We investigated human left ventricular failing and non-failing preparations comparing isometric versus isotonic, i.e., shortening contractions. RESULTS: (1) When muscle length is increased from 90% to 100% lMAX, peak developed force increases by 36% and 43% (p < 0.05) in non-failing and failing human left ventricular myocardium, respectively. Maximum performed work increases similarly in non-failing but decreases in failing myocardium. It can be shown that this discrepancy is due to significantly higher resting tension and does not present an insufficient intrinsic shortening capacity in failing myocardium. (2) When stimulation rate is increased from 0.5 to 2.0 Hz, isometric force increases significantly by 59% in non-failing and decreases by 27% in failing myocardium, whereas maximum performed work increases by 98% and decreases by 46%, respectively. (3) Pharmacological positive inotropic interventions by 7.2 mM calcium (n = 9), 3 x 10(-8) M isoproterenol (n = 7), 3 x 10(-8) M ouabain (n = 5), and 10(-5) M EMD 57033 (n = 3) equally increased force development and extent of shortening: When the fractional effect on shortening (y) was correlated to the fractional effect on force (x), the following linear regression equation was obtained: y = 0.91x + 0.26 (r = 0.86; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The data presented are of clinical and pharmacological importance: (1) The Frank-Starling mechanism is demonstrated to be existent in the failing human myocardium regarding both isometric force developed and maximum work performed. (2) Both force-frequency relations and--to a greater extent--work-frequency relations are reversed in failing human myocardium. (3) Independent of the pharmacological mode of action, positive inotropic compounds increase developed isometric force to the same extent as isotonic shortening and therefore potentiate maximum performed work.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n114239\nDesign and recruitment for the GAP trial, investigating the preventive effect on asthma development of an SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet in children with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.\n\nValovirta, E\n\nBerstad, AK\n\nde Blic, J\n\nBufe, A\n\nEng, P\n\nHalken, S\n\nOjeda, P\n\nRoberts, G\n\nTommerup, L\n\nVarga, EM\n\nWinnergard, I\n\nGAP investigators\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000297037800021\n21999887.0\n10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.09.013\nNone\nBACKGROUND: Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is a risk factor for asthma development. Treating the underlying allergy may represent an attractive method of asthma prevention. No regulatory guidance exists in this area, and, to our knowledge, no clinical investigations meeting modern regulatory standards have been published. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this publication is to describe the rationale behind the design of and report on the recruitment for the ongoing pediatric Grazax Asthma Prevention (GAP) trial. METHODS: The trial was designed for assessment of the preventive effect of an SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet (AIT) on asthma development, both during treatment and after the end of treatment. (The standardized quality [SQ] procedure is a standardization procedure comprising 3 components: total potency, major allergen content, and assessment of extract complexity.) The trial design was discussed with several European Competent Authorities. RESULTS: The GAP trial is a multinational, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Main eligibility criteria were age of 5 to 12 years, grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, no asthma, and no overlapping symptomatic allergies. The children have been randomized 1:1 to receive the grass AIT or placebo once daily for 3 years, followed by a blinded observational period of 2 years. Asthma is assessed by the investigators according to specific diagnostic criteria, used at screening visits before randomization to exclude children with existing asthma, and evaluated at least half-yearly during the trial. Seven months of screening resulted in 812 randomized children at 101 centers in 11 countries. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, the GAP trial represents the first double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial to assess the preventive effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy on asthma development. A total of 812 children were successfully recruited into the trial. EudraCT number: 2009-011235-12. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nVarga, Eva-Maria\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n136250\nSafety and feasibility of a diagnostic algorithm combining clinical probability, d-dimer testing, and ultrasonography for suspected upper extremity deep venous thrombosis: a prospective management study.\n\nKleinjan, A\n\nDi Nisio, M\n\nBeyer-Westendorf, J\n\nCamporese, G\n\nCosmi, B\n\nGhirarduzzi, A\n\nKamphuisen, PW\n\nOtten, HM\n\nPorreca, E\n\nAggarwal, A\n\nBrodmann, M\n\nGuglielmi, MD\n\nIotti, M\n\nKaasjager, K\n\nKamvissi, V\n\nLerede, T\n\nMarschang, P\n\nMeijer, K\n\nPalareti, G\n\nRickles, FR\n\nRighini, M\n\nRutjes, AW\n\nTonello, C\n\nVerhamme, P\n\nWerth, S\n\nvan Wissen, S\n\nBüller, HR\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000334093800002\n24687068.0\n10.7326/M13-2056\nNone\nAlthough well-established for suspected lower limb deep venous thrombosis, an algorithm combining a clinical decision score, d-dimer testing, and ultrasonography has not been evaluated for suspected upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT).\n To assess the safety and feasibility of a new diagnostic algorithm in patients with clinically suspected UEDVT.\n Diagnostic management study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01324037) SETTING: 16 hospitals in Europe and the United States.\n 406 inpatients and outpatients with suspected UEDVT.\n The algorithm consisted of the sequential application of a clinical decision score, d-dimer testing, and ultrasonography. Patients were first categorized as likely or unlikely to have UEDVT; in those with an unlikely score and normal d-dimer levels, UEDVT was excluded. All other patients had (repeated) compression ultrasonography. The primary outcome was the 3-month incidence of symptomatic UEDVT and pulmonary embolism in patients with a normal diagnostic work-up.\n The algorithm was feasible and completed in 390 of the 406 patients (96%). In 87 patients (21%), an unlikely score combined with normal d-dimer levels excluded UEDVT. Superficial venous thrombosis and UEDVT were diagnosed in 54 (13%) and 103 (25%) patients, respectively. All 249 patients with a normal diagnostic work-up, including those with protocol violations (n = 16), were followed for 3 months. One patient developed UEDVT during follow-up, for an overall failure rate of 0.4% (95% CI, 0.0% to 2.2%).\n This study was not powered to show the safety of the substrategies. d-Dimer testing was done locally.\n The combination of a clinical decision score, d-dimer testing, and ultrasonography can safely and effectively exclude UEDVT. If confirmed by other studies, this algorithm has potential as a standard approach to suspected UEDVT.\n None.\n\nBrodmann, Marianne\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n161334\nCaspase-cleaved keratin-18 fragments increase during alcohol withdrawal and predict liver-related death in patients with alcoholic liver disease.\n\nMueller, S\n\nNahon, P\n\nRausch, V\n\nPeccerella, T\n\nSilva, I\n\nYagmur, E\n\nStraub, BK\n\nLackner, C\n\nSeitz, HK\n\nRufat, P\n\nSutton, A\n\nBantel, H\n\nLongerich, T\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000403883100011\n28170108.0\n10.1002/hep.29099\nNone\nNoninvasive assessment of disease activity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is still unsettled, but essential for the evaluation of disease progression. We here studied the association of total (M65) and caspase-cleaved (M30) serum keratin-18 fragments (n = 204) with histological parameters (n = 106) in heavy drinkers primarily admitted for alcohol withdrawal before and after alcohol detoxification. An age-, sex-, and fibrosis-stage matched NAFLD cohort (n = 30) was used for comparison. The prognostic value of M30 and M65 levels were assessed in an additional prospectively followed-up cohort of 230 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) using competing risk analyses. Among the histological parameters, both M30/65 correlated significantly and better than any other serum marker with apoptosis and liver damage, such as ballooning (r = 0.65; P < 0.001), followed by lobular inflammation (0.48; P < 0.001), steatosis (0.46; P < 0.001), but less with fibrosis (0.24; P < 0.001). Area under the receiver operating characteristics curves to detect ballooning, steatosis, or steatohepatitis (SH) were slightly better for M30 (P < 0.005). Optimal M30 cut-off values for mild and severe ballooning were 330 and 420 U/L, and 290 and 330 U/L for SH grades 1 and 2. No significant differences of M30/65 were found between the matched NAFLD and ALD cohort. In contrast to aspartate-amino-transferase and M65, M30 levels increased significantly from 391 to 518 U/L during alcohol detoxification. Moreover, levels of M30 and M65 predicted non-hepatocellular carcinoma liver-related mortality in patients with AC during a mean observation interval of 67.2 months.\n Our data suggest M30 as highly specific marker of liver apoptosis both in ALD and NAFLD. In addition, hepatocellular apoptosis, as determined by M30 levels, occurs during alcohol withdrawal, and survival data point toward a novel underestimated role of apoptosis in patients with ALD. (Hepatology 2017;66:96-107).\n © 2017 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.\n\nLackner, Karoline\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n163893\nEAACI Guidelines on allergen immunotherapy: IgE-mediated food allergy.\n\nPajno, GB\n\nFernandez-Rivas, M\n\nArasi, S\n\nRoberts, G\n\nAkdis, CA\n\nAlvaro-Lozano, M\n\nBeyer, K\n\nBindslev-Jensen, C\n\nBurks, W\n\nEbisawa, M\n\nEigenmann, P\n\nKnol, E\n\nNadeau, KC\n\nPoulsen, LK\n\nvan Ree, R\n\nSantos, AF\n\ndu Toit, G\n\nDhami, S\n\nNurmatov, U\n\nBoloh, Y\n\nMakela, M\n\nO'Mahony, L\n\nPapadopoulos, N\n\nSackesen, C\n\nAgache, I\n\nAngier, E\n\nHalken, S\n\nJutel, M\n\nLau, S\n\nPfaar, O\n\nRyan, D\n\nSturm, G\n\nVarga, EM\n\nvan Wijk, RG\n\nSheikh, A\n\nMuraro, A\n\nEAACI Allergen Immunotherapy Guidelines Group\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000430164500005\n29205393.0\n10.1111/all.13319\nNone\nFood allergy can result in considerable morbidity, impairment of quality of life, and healthcare expenditure. There is therefore interest in novel strategies for its treatment, particularly food allergen immunotherapy (FA-AIT) through the oral (OIT), sublingual (SLIT), or epicutaneous (EPIT) routes. This Guideline, prepared by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Task Force on Allergen Immunotherapy for IgE-mediated Food Allergy, aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for active treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy with FA-AIT. Immunotherapy relies on the delivery of gradually increasing doses of specific allergen to increase the threshold of reaction while on therapy (also known as desensitization) and ultimately to achieve post-discontinuation effectiveness (also known as tolerance or sustained unresponsiveness). Oral FA-AIT has most frequently been assessed: here, the allergen is either immediately swallowed (OIT) or held under the tongue for a period of time (SLIT). Overall, trials have found substantial benefit for patients undergoing either OIT or SLIT with respect to efficacy during treatment, particularly for cow's milk, hen's egg, and peanut allergies. A benefit post-discontinuation is also suggested, but not confirmed. Adverse events during FA-AIT have been frequently reported, but few subjects discontinue FA-AIT as a result of these. Taking into account the current evidence, FA-AIT should only be performed in research centers or in clinical centers with an extensive experience in FA-AIT. Patients and their families should be provided with information about the use of FA-AIT for IgE-mediated food allergy to allow them to make an informed decision about the therapy.\n © 2017 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.\n\nSturm, Gunter\n\nVarga, Eva-Maria\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n166121\nPhenotypic spectrum of eleven patients and five novel MTFMT mutations identified by exome sequencing and candidate gene screening.\n\nHaack, TB\n\nGorza, M\n\nDanhauser, K\n\nMayr, JA\n\nHaberberger, B\n\nWieland, T\n\nKremer, L\n\nStrecker, V\n\nGraf, E\n\nMemari, Y\n\nAhting, U\n\nKopajtich, R\n\nWortmann, SB\n\nRodenburg, RJ\n\nKotzaeridou, U\n\nHoffmann, GF\n\nSperl, W\n\nWittig, I\n\nWilichowski, E\n\nSchottmann, G\n\nSchuelke, M\n\nPlecko, B\n\nStephani, U\n\nStrom, TM\n\nMeitinger, T\n\nProkisch, H\n\nFreisinger, P\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000332500200154\n24461907.0\n10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.12.010\nNone\nDefects of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes and time courses. Combined OXPHOS deficiencies are mainly caused by mutations of nuclear genes that are involved in mitochondrial protein translation. Due to their genetic heterogeneity it is almost impossible to diagnose OXPHOS patients on clinical grounds alone. Hence next generation sequencing (NGS) provides a distinct advantage over candidate gene sequencing to discover the underlying genetic defect in a timely manner. One recent example is the identification of mutations in MTFMT that impair mitochondrial protein translation through decreased formylation of Met-tRNA(Met). Here we report the results of a combined exome sequencing and candidate gene screening study. We identified nine additional MTFMT patients from eight families who were affected with Leigh encephalopathy or white matter disease, microcephaly, mental retardation, ataxia, and muscular hypotonia. In four patients, the causal mutations were identified by exome sequencing followed by stringent bioinformatic filtering. In one index case, exome sequencing identified a single heterozygous mutation leading to Sanger sequencing which identified a second mutation in the non-covered first exon. High-resolution melting curve-based MTFMT screening in 350 OXPHPOS patients identified pathogenic mutations in another three index cases. Mutations in one of them were not covered by previous exome sequencing. All novel mutations predict a loss-of-function or result in a severe decrease in MTFMT protein in patients' fibroblasts accompanied by reduced steady-state levels of complex I and IV subunits. Being present in 11 out of 13 index cases the c.626C>T mutation is one of the most frequent disease alleles underlying OXPHOS disorders. We provide detailed clinical descriptions on eleven MTFMT patients and review five previously reported cases.\n Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPlecko, Barbara\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n173716\nTime course of postprandial hepatic phosphorus metabolites in lean, obese, and type 2 diabetes patients.\n\nFritsch, M\n\nKoliaki, C\n\nLivingstone, R\n\nPhielix, E\n\nBierwagen, A\n\nMeisinger, M\n\nJelenik, T\n\nStrassburger, K\n\nZimmermann, S\n\nBrockmann, K\n\nWolff, C\n\nHwang, JH\n\nSzendroedi, J\n\nRoden, M\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000364273300013\n26423389.0\n10.3945/ajcn.115.107599\nNone\nImpaired energy metabolism is a possible mechanism that contributes to insulin resistance and ectopic fat storage.\n We examined whether meal ingestion differently affects hepatic phosphorus metabolites in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant humans.\n Young, lean, insulin-sensitive humans (CONs) [mean ± SD body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)): 23.2 ± 1.5]; insulin-resistant, glucose-tolerant, obese humans (OBEs) (BMI: 34.3 ± 1.7); and type 2 diabetes patients (T2Ds) (BMI: 32.0 ± 2.4) were studied (n = 10/group). T2Ds (61 ± 7 y old) were older (P < 0.001) than were OBEs (31 ± 7 y old) and CONs (28 ± 3 y old). We quantified hepatic γATP, inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the fat content [hepatocellular lipids (HCLs)] with the use of (31)P/(1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and at 160 and 240 min after a high-caloric mixed meal. In a subset of volunteers, we measured the skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with the use of high-resolution respirometry. Whole-body insulin sensitivity (M value) was assessed with the use of hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps.\n OBEs and T2Ds were similarly insulin resistant (M value: 3.5 ± 1.4 and 1.9 ± 2.5 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1), respectively; P = 0.9) and had 12-fold (P = 0.01) and 17-fold (P = 0.002) higher HCLs, respectively, than those of lean persons. Despite comparable fasting hepatic γATP concentrations, the maximum postprandial increase of γATP was 6-fold higher in OBEs (0.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L; P = 0.03) but only tended to be higher in T2Ds (0.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L; P = 0.09) than in CONs (0.1 ± 0.1 mmol/L). However, in the fasted state, muscle complex I activity was 53% lower (P = 0.01) in T2Ds but not in OBEs (P = 0.15) than in CONs.\n Young, obese, nondiabetic humans exhibit augmented postprandial hepatic energy metabolism, whereas elderly T2Ds have impaired fasting muscle energy metabolism. These findings support the concept of a differential and tissue-specific regulation of energy metabolism, which can occur independently of insulin resistance. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01229059.\n © 2015 American Society for Nutrition.\n\nFritsch, Maria\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n182730\nMelioidosis DS rapid test: A standardized serological dipstick assay with increased sensitivity and reliability due to multiplex detection.\n\nWagner, GE\n\nFöderl-Höbenreich, E\n\nAssig, K\n\nLipp, M\n\nBerner, A\n\nKohler, C\n\nLichtenegger, S\n\nStiehler, J\n\nKaroonboonyanan, W\n\nThanapattarapairoj, N\n\nPromkong, C\n\nKoosakulnirand, S\n\nChaichana, P\n\nEhricht, R\n\nGad, AM\n\nSöffing, HH\n\nDunachie, SJ\n\nChantratita, N\n\nSteinmetz, I\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000552615300003\n32658917.0\n10.1371/journal.pntd.0008452\nPMC7416965\nMelioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a severe infectious disease with high mortality rates, but is under-recognized worldwide. In endemic areas, there is a great need for simple, low-cost and rapid diagnostic tools. In a previous study we showed, that a protein multiplex array with 20 B. pseudomallei-specific antigens detects antibodies in melioidosis patients with high sensitivity and specificity. In a subsequent study the high potential of anti-B. pseudomallei antibody detection was confirmed using a rapid Hcp1 single protein-based assay. Our protein array also showed that the antibody profile varies between patients, possibly due to a combination of host factors but also antigen variations in the infecting B. pseudomallei strains. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid test, combining Hcp1 and the best performing antigens BPSL2096, BPSL2697 and BPSS0477 from our previous study, to take advantage of simultaneous antibody detection.\n The 4-plex dipstick was validated with sera from 75 patients on admission plus control groups, achieving 92% sensitivity and 97-100% specificity. We then re-evaluated melioidosis sera with the 4-plex assay that were previously misclassified by the monoplex Hcp1 rapid test. 12 out of 55 (21.8%) false-negative samples were positive in our new dipstick assay. Among those, 4 sera (7.3%) were Hcp1 positive, whereas 8 (14.5%) sera remained Hcp1 negative but gave a positive reaction with our additional antigens.\n Our dipstick rapid test represents an inexpensive, standardized and simple diagnostic tool with an improved serodiagnostic performance due to multiplex detection. Each additional band on the test strip makes a false-positive result more unlikely, contributing to its reliability. Future prospective studies will seek to validate the gain in sensitivity and specificity of our multiplex rapid test approach in different melioidosis patient cohorts.\n\nAssig, Karoline\n\nFöderl-Höbenreich, Esther\n\nLipp, Michaela\n\nSteinmetz, Ivo\n\nStiehler, Julia\n\nWagner-Lichtenegger, Gabriel\n\nWagner-Lichtenegger, Sabine\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n7119\nThe posterior interosseous artery in the distal part of the forearm. Is the term "recurrent branch of the anterior interosseous artery" justified?\n\nHubmer, MG\n\nFasching, T\n\nHaas, F\n\nKoch, H\n\nSchwarzl, F\n\nWeiglein, A\n\nScharnagl, E\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000224296000006\n15380697.0\n10.1016/j.bjps.2004.06.011\nNone\nIn 1993 Angrigiani raised the question as to whether the distal part of the posterior interosseous artery (AIP) is a recurrent branch of the anterior interosseous artery (AIA) and forms a "choke"--anastomosis with the AIP in the middle of the forearm. A dissection study was conducted on 66 upper extremities to evaluate the diameters of the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery, the anastomotic branch, the diameter of the posterior interosseous artery at the point of origin of the septocutaneous perforators in the middle of the forearm and the diameter of the posterior interosseous artery at the point of emergence in the dorsal compartment. We further tried to identify different forms and types of the "distal" anastomosis and the connections to the dorsal carpal arch and the ulnar artery. A distal anastomosis between the AIA and AIP was found in 65 of the 66 upper extremities. Three different types of anastomosis could be identified. The smallest diameter was found at the middle of the forearm (mean diameter AIA 1.28 mm; anastomotic branch 0.6 mm; AIP at the middle of the forearm 0.39 mm; AIP prox. 1.35 mm). A branch through the fifth extensor compartment was present in all of our specimens (mean diameter 0.54 mm). A branch through the forth extensor compartment could be found in 16 specimens. Based on our findings and the embryological development, we conclude that the AIP is only present in the proximal half of the forearm. In the distal part, the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery forms a vascular arcade, which gives off branches to the dorsal carpal arch, the ulnar head and the ulnar artery. This arcade anastomoses with the posterior interosseous artery in the middle of the forearm by means of a choke anastomosis. We also conclude that the term "recurrent branch of the anterior interosseous artery" for the distal part of posterior interosseous artery is correct.\n\nHubmer, Martin\n\nKoch, Horst\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n7485\nOn the evaluation of health factors in high-rise buildings. 2. Bioclimatological consequences resulting from comparative measurements of the air ionisation in a high-rise building located in a heavily contaminated suburban area and at certain altitudes (author's transl)\n\nMöse, JR\n\nFischer, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:A1981LE41200003\n7223138.0\nNone\nNone\nAccording to accepted scientific theories inhaled small ions deliver their charges in the pulmonary alveoli and this leads to local recharges. This process stimulates structures of the central nervous system and the activity of the endocrine is excited, resulting in an enhancement of the general well-being. These possibilities of interpretation regarding a biological ionic effect are supported, with reservations (e.g. effects produced by a change in climate), by positive medical effects during and after a stay in a well-ventilated mountain climate or also in a sea-climate. Owing to their lower mobility the large ions are inhaled as small ions to an increasing extent. The chemical and physical noxa are delivered and deposited in the respiratory tract. They "stick" the epithelia in the trachea and in the bronchi as well as the endothelia in the lung vesicles. The number of the ciliary movements is reduced. Similar effects are known to be caused also by nicotine abuse. This results in a decreased ability of expectoration and a lower intake of oxygen by the alveoli. These facts could furnish an explanation for the increased vulnerability of city dwellers to infections diseases and to catarrh. The changed ionisation of air in urbanised areas (mainly large ions in high concentrations) definitely represents only one of the many risk factors. In addition to the attempt to characterize bioclimatically local weather conditions by means of the non-conventional parameter "air ionisation" our study has also been intended to establish biologically oriented criteria for the living in a high-rise building in a particularly unfavourable location. Under specific microclimatic conditions the uppermost storeys were at times bioclimatically favoured over the lowermost, especially when shallow air inversion is present. In such cases, small ions exclusively were registered in the upper storeys and large ions in the lower floors.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n83392\nHuman fetal placental endothelial cells have a mature arterial and a juvenile venous phenotype with adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential.\n\nLang, I\n\nSchweizer, A\n\nHiden, U\n\nGhaffari-Tabrizi, N\n\nHagendorfer, G\n\nBilban, M\n\nPabst, MA\n\nKorgun, ET\n\nDohr, G\n\nDesoye, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000261217400002\n18673379.0\n10.1111/j.1432-0436.2008.00302.x\nNone\nGrowing interest in the sources of origin of blood vessel related diseases has led to an increasing knowledge about the heterogeneity and plasticity of endothelial cells lining arteries and veins. So far, most of these studies were performed on animal models. Here, we hypothesized that the plasticity of human fetal endothelial cells depends on their vascular bed of origin i.e. vein or artery and further that the differences between arterial and venous endothelial cells would extend to phenotype and genotype. We established a method for the isolation of fetal arterial and venous endothelial cells from the human placenta and studied the characteristics of both cell types. Human placental arterial endothelial cells (HPAEC) and human placental venous endothelial cells (HPVEC) express classical endothelial markers and differ in their phenotypic, genotypic, and functional characteristics: HPAEC are polygonal cells with a smooth surface growing in loose arrangements and forming monolayers with classical endothelial cobblestone morphology. They express artery-related genes (hey-2, connexin 40, depp) and more endothelial-associated genes than HPVEC. Functional testing demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) induce a higher proliferative response on HPAEC, whereas placental growth factors (PlGFs) are only effective on HPVEC. HPVEC are spindle-shaped cells with numerous microvilli at their surface. They grow closely apposed to each other, form fibroblastoid swirling patterns at confluence and have shorter generation and population doubling times than HPAEC. HPVEC overexpress development-associated genes (gremlin, mesenchyme homeobox 2, stem cell protein DSC54) and show an enhanced differentiation potential into adipocytes and osteoblasts in contrast to HPAEC. These data provide collective evidence for a juvenile venous and a more mature arterial phenotype of human fetal endothelial cells. The high plasticity of the fetal venous endothelial cells may reflect their role as tissue-resident endothelial progenitors during embryonic development with a possible benefit for regenerative cell therapy.\n\nDesoye, Gernot\n\nDohr, Gottfried\n\nGhaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy, Nassim\n\nHiden, Ursula\n\nLang-Olip, Ingrid\n\nPabst, Maria-Anna\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n92942\nA rare case of infantile myofibromatosis and review of literature.\n\nHausbrandt, PA\n\nLeithner, A\n\nBeham, A\n\nBodo, K\n\nRaith, J\n\nWindhager, R\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000272648800025\n19738495.0\n10.1097/BPB.0b013e32832e4756\nNone\nInfantile myofibromatosis is a rare benign tumor-disease (1/400, 00). Four different types have been reported in literature. The most commonly affected body areas are the head, the neck, and the trunk. We would like to present a rare case of a multicentric type with singular visceral involvement and a literature review of all case series with more than five patients. A 9-month-old boy presented with a swelling on the medial side of his proximal left tibia. The lesion which was present since birth, was well palpable, indolent, hard, and mobile in relation to the surrounding tissue. Radiographic films and ultrasound examination presented a pretibial soft-tissue tumor mass with calcifications and two osteolytic lesions with a sclerotic rim. A skeletal survey showed more osteolytic lesions, but the magnetic resonance imaging showed no more soft-tissue lesions. The rapid frozen section biopsy hinted at the diagnosis of histiocytosis X. The definitive histological result 6 days later was infantile myofibromatosis. As therapy, we determined a wait-and-see policy with controls all 3 months. At 20 months follow-up, the boy showed beginning of regression of all lesions. Infantile myofibromatosis is a very rare benign tumor-disease. Radiologically often soft-tissue masses with calcifications and osteolytic lesions with sclerotic rims are described. These findings also can be interpreted as histiocytosis X, which is a potential differential diagnosis. Histopathologically, cells characteristically appear as spindle-shaped fibroblast cells with pale pink cytoplasm and elongated nuclei and the immunophenotype is defined with a positive reaction on smooth-muscle antigen vimentin and the muscle-specific antigen HHF-35. The data of the literature review underline that a wait-and-see-policy should be considered as the first treatment of choice as in most instances the bony lesions regress spontaneously. However, a thorough examination has to be carried out to exclude lesion in other organs like gastro-intestinal or cardio-pulmonary nodular tumor masses. In conclusion, the present case report and the literature review support the notion that infantile myofibromatosis should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis for soft tissue expansions and/or osteolytic lesions in a newborn.\n\nLeithner, Andreas\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n110266\nPathways in the diagnosis of prevertebral tendinitis.\n\nVollmann, R\n\nHammer, G\n\nSimbrunner, J\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000299109800033\n21439752.0\n10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.02.061\nNone\nThe prevertebral tendinitis is an inflammatory process, which affects the cervicothoracic prevertebral muscles. This extremely rare entity was first described by Hartley and Fahlgren in 1964 and until now there are just some case reports dealing with this process. Unfortunately it is quite easy to misdiagnose or mistake the prevertebral tendinitis as an abscess, because of the imaging features. The aim of this case series is to offer guidelines in the diagnosis of this rare disease to prevent unnecessary surgery.\n Six patients with already by imaging or retrospectively after surgery by pathologic report diagnosed prevertebral tendinitis were included in this study. None of these patients suffered from a chronically inflammatory disease. Three patients just received contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and another group of three patients received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In two out of three MRI examinations, we additionally performed diffusion weighted images and calculated the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map. The laboratory reports obtained on the day of the computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were reviewed for C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBCC).\n All patients revealed a prevertebral cervical effusion. Five out of six patients showed amorphous calcifications in the tendon of the prevertebral muscles. In one case calcifications could not be identified at all because of very strong beam hardening artefacts caused by dental prothesis. The CRP values were increased in all patients (mean value 44.9 mg/l; SD ± 28.3). However, WBCC remained normal (mean value 8.4G/l; SD ± 2.7). Only for the two patients who received DWI it was possible to assess the quality of the prevertebral fluid accumulation and to detect the benign prevertebral effusion, which is typical for the retropharyngeal tendinitis.\n According to the experience with our patients the best imaging feature is MRI with DWI and ADC map to reveal the benign prevertebral effusion and confirm the diagnosis of prevertebral tendinitis. In some cases MRI might not be available. Here we recommend CT scans to detect typical prevertebral calcifications. Especially a slight elevation of CRP and normal WBCC make the prevertebral tendinitis more likely.\n Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nHammer, Georg\n\nSimbrunner, Josef\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n131059\nEffective osteoporosis treatment with teriparatide is associated with enhanced quality of life in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: the European Forsteo Observational Study.\n\nLjunggren, Ö\n\nBarrett, A\n\nStoykov, I\n\nLangdahl, BL\n\nLems, WF\n\nWalsh, JB\n\nFahrleitner-Pammer, A\n\nRajzbaum, G\n\nJakob, F\n\nKarras, D\n\nMarin, F\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000323907100001\n23968239.0\n10.1186/1471-2474-14-251\nPMC3765934\nTo describe changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with teriparatide for up to 18 months and followed-up for a further 18 months, and to assess the influence of recent prior and incident fractures.\n The European Forsteo Observational Study (EFOS) is an observational, prospective, multinational study measuring HRQoL using the EQ-5D. The primary objective was to assess changes in HRQoL during 36 months in the whole study population. A secondary post-hoc analysis examined fracture impact on HRQoL in four subgroups classified based on recent prior fracture 12 months before baseline and incident clinical fractures during the study. Changes from baseline were analysed using a repeated measures model.\n Of the 1581 patients, 48.4% had a recent prior fracture and 15.6% of these patients had an incident fracture during follow-up. 10.9% of the 816 patients with no recent prior fracture had an incident fracture. Baseline mean EQ-VAS scores were similar across the subgroups. In the total study cohort (n = 1581), HRQoL (EQ-VAS and EQ-5D index scores) improved significantly from baseline to 18 months and this improvement was maintained over the 18-month post-teriparatide period. Improvements were seen across all five EQ-5D domains during teriparatide treatment that were maintained after teriparatide was discontinued. Subjects with incident clinical fractures had significantly less improvement in EQ-VAS than those without incident fractures. Recent prior fracture did not influence the change in EQ-VAS during treatment.\n EFOS is the first longitudinal study in women with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis in the real world setting to show a substantial improvement in HRQoL during teriparatide treatment that was sustained during subsequent treatment with other medications. The increase in HRQoL was lower in the subgroups with incident fracture but was not influenced by recent prior fracture. The results should be interpreted in the context of the design of an observational study.\n\nFahrleitner-Pammer, Astrid\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n144361\nCardiopulmonary Bypass has No Significant Impact on Survival in Patients Undergoing Nephrectomy and Level III-IV Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy: Multi-Institutional Analysis.\n\nNguyen, HG\n\nTilki, D\n\nDall'Era, MA\n\nDurbin-Johnson, B\n\nCarballido, JA\n\nChandrasekar, T\n\nChromecki, T\n\nCiancio, G\n\nDaneshmand, S\n\nGontero, P\n\nGonzalez, J\n\nHaferkamp, A\n\nHohenfellner, M\n\nHuang, WC\n\nEspinós, EL\n\nMandel, P\n\nMartinez-Salamanca, JI\n\nMaster, VA\n\nMcKiernan, JM\n\nMontorsi, F\n\nNovara, G\n\nPahernik, S\n\nPalou, J\n\nPruthi, RS\n\nRodriguez-Faba, O\n\nRusso, P\n\nScherr, DS\n\nShariat, SF\n\nSpahn, M\n\nTerrone, C\n\nVergho, D\n\nWallen, EM\n\nXylinas, E\n\nZigeuner, R\n\nLibertino, JA\n\nEvans, CP\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000357742000009\n25797392.0\n10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.2948\nPMC5012645\nThe impact of cardiopulmonary bypass in level III-IV tumor thrombectomy on surgical and oncologic outcomes is unknown. We determine the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on overall and cancer specific survival, as well as surgical complication rates and immediate outcomes in patients undergoing nephrectomy and level III-IV tumor thrombectomy with or without cardiopulmonary bypass.\n We retrospectively analyzed 362 patients with renal cell cancer and with level III or IV tumor thrombus from 1992 to 2012 at 22 U.S. and European centers. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare overall and cancer specific survival between patients with and without cardiopulmonary bypass. Perioperative mortality and complication rates were assessed using logistic regression analyses.\n Median overall survival was 24.6 months in noncardiopulmonary bypass cases and 26.6 months in cardiopulmonary bypass cases. Overall survival and cancer specific survival did not differ significantly in both groups on univariate analysis or when adjusting for known risk factors. On multivariate analysis no significant differences were seen in hospital length of stay, Clavien 1-4 complication rate, intraoperative or 30-day mortality and cancer specific survival. Limitations include the retrospective nature of the study.\n In our multi-institutional analysis the use of cardiopulmonary bypass did not significantly impact cancer specific survival or overall survival in patients undergoing nephrectomy and level III or IV tumor thrombectomy. Neither approach was independently associated with increased mortality on multivariate analysis. Greater surgical complications were not independently associated with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass.\n Copyright © 2015 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nZigeuner, Richard\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n153078\nManagement of chronic immune thrombocytopenia in children and adolescents: lessons from an Austrian national cross-sectional study of 81 patients.\n\nSipurzynski, J\n\nFahrner, B\n\nKerbl, R\n\nCrazzolara, R\n\nJones, N\n\nEbetsberger, G\n\nJauk, B\n\nStrenger, V\n\nWohlmuther, B\n\nSchwinger, W\n\nLackner, H\n\nUrban, C\n\nHolter, W\n\nMinkov, M\n\nKager, L\n\nBenesch, M\n\nSeidel, MG\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000412042900013\n27312164.0\n10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.04.013\nNone\nChronic immune thrombocytopenia (cITP) is often associated with an underlying predisposition towards autoimmunity, recognition of which is relevant to guide treatment. International recommendations on diagnostic steps and therapeutic measures of cITP in childhood exist. However, due to the low prevalence (1-2/100, 00) and a variation of availability of immunological and hematological tests and treatments across pediatric units, we postulated that these guidelines are not uniformly adhered to and that immune dysregulation syndromes remained undiscovered. To delineate the current management of children and adolescents with cITP in Austria, we performed a nationwide cross-sectional study. Between 2011 and 2014, 81 children with cITP were seen at seven centers (median age 8.75 years; range 1-17; female:male ratio 47:34) at 641 visits during 180 patient years after diagnosis of cITP (>12 months ITP duration). Additional diagnoses were noted, most frequently immune or autoimmune disorders, hematologic diseases, or infections (in 37.3%, including Evans syndrome, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Fanconi anemia), or other symptoms like bi- or pancytopenia (n=9), lymphoproliferation or granulomatous inflammation (n = 3). Both decision to treat as well as choice of treatment varied: smaller centers tended to observe more frequently, larger centers applied a pattern of treatment modalities that appeared to depend less on bleeding tendency than on center policy. More than 50% of therapeutic interventions occurred in bleedings scores ≤2 (of 5), suggesting a strong psychosocial intention to treat. Platelet increment upon 479 therapeutic interventions of eight types was evaluated, with multiple treatment approaches being pursued sequentially in refractory patients. These data confirm the hypothesis of heterogeneous diagnostic and therapeutic management of cITP in Austrian children and corroborate the need for (1) a precise panel of parameters to exclude underlying disorders and (2) for biomarkers to predict treatment response.\n Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.\n\nBenesch, Martin\n\nLackner, Herwig\n\nSchwinger, Wolfgang\n\nSeidel, Markus\n\nStrenger, Volker\n\nUrban, Ernst-Christian\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n154768\n[How Patients View and Accept Health Care Services Provided by Health Care Assistants in the General Practice: Survey of Participants of the GP-centered Health Care Program in Baden-Wuerttemberg].\n\nMergenthal, K\n\nGüthlin, C\n\nBeyer, M\n\nGerlach, FM\n\nSiebenhofer, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000453238700010\n27636362.0\n10.1055/s-0042-110402\nNone\nIn recent years, models for the delegation of GP tasks to non-physician medical staff have been tested, implemented in a general practice setting and, to some extent, funded by health insurance companies.\n How were changes in the spectrum of tasks performed by non-physician staff viewed and accepted by patients?\n Between October 2014 and January 2015, a written survey was conducted among chronically ill patients (≥ 65 years of age) receiving health care from health care assistants (HCA) with or without the additional "health care assistant in the family practice", or VERAH qualification. Using a self-developed survey, based on a previous collection of data, patients were asked about various aspects of health care provided by HCAs.\n 77 practices participated and a total of 1 266 patients were surveyed. The patients said the HCAs had a role to play in many aspects of their health care. More than half the patients said HCAs could take responsibility for some of the home visits and contacts in the practice. Almost without exception, patients regarded the organisational, healthcare and other supporting services performed by the HCAs as very good. The results were more heterogeneous for specific consulting services. While consultations on vaccinations, preventive services, medical examinations and medication adherence were well accepted, this was much less often the case with advice on lifestyle. Many patients see HCAs as additional and competent persons they can trust, and could well imagine HCAs taking on responsibility for further delegable services.\n At least among GP-centered health care programme participants, many healthcare services delegated to HCAs were appreciated and accepted by patients. Home visits and case management, in the sense of structured individual health care for patients with special needs, are further services that may be well suited for delegation. This should be investigated in further studies (including qualitative studies).\n © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.\n\nSiebenhofer-Kroitzsch, Andrea\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n161787\nRandomized supplementation of 4000 IU vitamin D<sub>3</sub> daily vs placebo on the prevalence of anemia in advanced heart failure: the EVITA trial.\n\nErnst, JB\n\nProkop, S\n\nFuchs, U\n\nDreier, J\n\nKuhn, J\n\nKnabbe, C\n\nBerthold, HK\n\nPilz, S\n\nGouni-Berthold, I\n\nGummert, JF\n\nBörgermann, J\n\nZittermann, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000408370000001\n28835271.0\n10.1186/s12937-017-0270-5\nPMC5569566\nLow 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels (< 75 nmol/l) are inversely associated with anemia prevalence. Since anemia and low 25OHD levels are common in patients with heart failure (HF), we aimed to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation can reduce anemia prevalence in advanced HF.\n EVITA (Effect of Vitamin D on Mortality in Heart Failure) is a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with initial 25OHD levels < 75 nmol/l. Participants received either 4000 IU vitamin D3 daily or a matching placebo for 36 months. A total of 172 patients (vitamin D group: n = 85; placebo group: n = 87) were investigated in this pre-specified secondary data analysis. Hemoglobin (Hb) and other hematological parameters were measured at baseline and study termination. Assessment of between-group differences in anemia prevalence and Hb concentrations was performed at study termination, while adjusting for baseline differences.\n In the vitamin D and placebo group, baseline proportions of patients with anemia (Hb < 12.0 g/dL in females and < 13.0 g/dL in males) were 17.2% and 10.6%, respectively (P = 0.19). At study termination, the proportion of patients with anemia in the vitamin D and placebo groups was 32.2% and 31.8%, respectively (P > 0.99). There was no between-group difference in change in the Hb concentrations (- 0.04 g/dL [95%CI:-0.53 to 0.45 g/dL]; P = 0.87). Results regarding anemia risk and Hb concentrations were similar in the subgroup of patients with chronic kidney disease (vitamin D group: n = 26; placebo group: n = 23). Moreover, results did not differ substantially when data analysis was restricted to patients with deficient baseline 25OHD levels.\n A daily vitamin D supplement of 4000 IU did not reduce anemia prevalence in patients with advanced HF. Data challenge the clinical relevance of vitamin D supplementation to increase Hb levels.\n The study was registered at EudraCT (No. 2010-020793-42) and clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT01326650 ).\n\nPilz, Stefan\n\n\n"
}
]
}