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"text": "\n184941\nBackground Concentrations of Cultivable, Mesophilic Bacteria and Dust Particles in the Air in Urban, Rural and Mountain Regions.\n\nHaas, D\n\nKriso, A\n\nFritz, T\n\nGaller, H\n\nHabib, J\n\nIlieva, M\n\nKropsch, M\n\nOfner-Kopeinig, P\n\nStonitsch, M\n\nStrasser, A\n\nZentner, E\n\nReinthaler, FF\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000602823800001\n33371355.0\n10.3390/ijerph17249572\nPMC7767401\nParticulate air components can be of anthropogenic or natural origin. It is assumed that in different geographical areas varying concentrations of mesophilic bacteria are present in the ambient air. The aim of this study was to determine the background concentrations of airborne culturable mesophilic bacteria and particulate matter in the ambient air. Furthermore, the association between their concentrations and some environmental factors was analysed. In the period from July to October 2019, concentrations of mesophilic bacteria and dust particles were measured in urban, rural and mountain areas using the single-stage air sampler and the particle counter. The concentrations of bacteria and dust particles in the air were counted as number of Colony Forming Units per cubic metre (CFU/m3) and particles per cubic metre (pa/m3). Staphylococcus sp. were identified. The median values of the cultivated mesophilic bacteria at 30 °C and 37 °C were 7.1 × 102 CFU/m3 and 2.3 × 101 CFU/m3 in mountain regions, 1.3 × 102 CFU/m3 and 6.9 × 101 CFU/m3 in rural regions and 2.1 × 102 CFU/m3 and 6.5 × 101 CFU/m3 in urban regions. The median of Staphylococcus sp. was 2.5 × 100 CFU/m3 in alpine areas and 7.5 × 100 CFU/m3 in urban and rural areas. Higher bacterial concentrations were measured in sunshine and in windy weather. A relationship was observed between the concentrations of airborne mesophilic bacteria and the coarse particles in all three areas. The present study determined values between 5.0 × 100 and 4.6 × 102 CFU/m3 as natural background concentrations of airborne mesophilic bacteria and 1.2 × 107 pa/m3 and 6.5 × 104 pa/m3 for fine and coarse particles, respectively. These results can be proposed as baseline for the assessment of the emission sources of mesophilic bacteria for summer and early autumn.\n\nFritz, Theresa Maria\n\nGaller, Herbert\n\nHaas, Doris\n\nHabib, Juliana-Salwa-Monir\n\nOfner-Kopeinig, Petra\n\nReinthaler, Franz\n\nStonitsch, Martin\n\nStrasser, Andreas Josef\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n2196\nRandomized trial of recombinant human interleukin-3 versus placebo in prevention of bone marrow depression during first-line chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma.\n\nHofstra, LS\n\nKristensen, GB\n\nWillemse, PH\n\nVindevoghel, A\n\nMeden, H\n\nLahousen, M\n\nOberling, F\n\nSorbe, B\n\nCrump, M\n\nSklenar, I\n\nSluiter, WJ\n\nKiese, B\n\nTrope, CG\n\nde Vries, EG\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000076347100018\n9779710.0\n10.1200/JCO.1998.16.10.3335\nNone\nPURPOSE: To determine whether recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) reduces bone marrow depression and improves chemotherapeutic schedule adherence in ovarian cancer patients receiving first-line combination chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a randomized multicenter study, 185 patients received carboplatin (dose based on projected area under the concentration-time curve [AUC]=4) and cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m2) day 1, every 3 weeks for six cycles. Patients were randomized to receive rhIL-3 (5 microg/kg) or placebo once daily subcutaneously on days 3 to 12. RESULTS: Adherence to chemotherapeutic regimen, mean chemotherapy cycle length, tumor response rate, and median survival at 24 months did not differ between groups. The number of side effects-primarily allergic reactions, flu-like symptoms and fever-were higher in the rhIL-3 group, which resulted in 21 discontinuations compared with one in the placebo group. Compared with placebo, the rhIL-3 group had higher platelet counts day 1 of cycles 2 to 6. The number of patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV thrombocytopenia or number of platelet transfusions did not differ. Leukocyte counts differed only in cycles 1 and 2 between groups. The leukocyte nadir occurred earlier in the rhIL-3 (day 12) than in the placebo group (day 15, P=.006). Leukocytes and neutrophils were only higher in the rhIL-3 group day 1 of cycle 2. In cycles 4 and 5, more patients with WHO grade IV neutropenia received rhIL-3 (P < .005). Eosinophil counts were higher day 1 of cycles 2 to 6 in the rhIL-3 group (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: rhIL-3 had stimulatory hematopoietic effects. This did not result either in reduction of platelet transfusions or in improvement of chemotherapeutic schedule adherence. There were more side effects in the rhIL-3 group than in the placebo group. rhIL-3 at 5 microg/kg/d is, therefore, not of clinical benefit in this chemotherapeutic regimen.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n5309\nFluvastatin slow-release lowers platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase activity: a placebo-controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes.\n\nWinkler, K\n\nAbletshauser, C\n\nFriedrich, I\n\nHoffmann, MM\n\nWieland, H\n\nMärz, W\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000220030700020\n15001601.0\n10.1210/jc.2003-031494\nNone\nFluvastatin reduces atherogenic dense low-density lipoprotein (dLDL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). dLDLs are associated with platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH), an enzyme involved in inflammation and related to coronary artery disease (CAD). The association of preexisting CAD and PAF-AH and the effect of fluvastatin on enzyme activity is investigated in a placebo-controlled trial in patients with T2DM. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized comparison of fluvastatin XL (80 mg) (n = 42) and placebo (n = 47), each given once-daily for 8 wk, in 89 patients with T2DM, was conducted. At baseline and on treatment, lipoproteins, including lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and LDL subfractions, and the activity of PAF-AH were measured. Increasing PAF-AH activity was significantly associated with a positive history of CAD (+0.7% per IU/liter PAH-AH; P = 0.010), the odds ratio estimate adjusted for age, gender, and body mass index of the highest quartile being 10.6 (P = 0.036). At baseline and at study end, PAF-AH activity was associated with the apolipoprotein B (apoB) content in dLDL (LDL-5 and LDL-6) (r = 0.447; P < 0.001 and r = 0.651; P < 0.001, respectively) and with non-HDL cholesterol at baseline (r = 0.485; P < 0.001). However, after additional adjustment for apoB in dLDL and non-HDL cholesterol at baseline, the odds ratio increment for CAD across PAF-AH quartiles was 2.09 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-4.29; P = 0.043). Fluvastatin treatment decreased the activity of PAF-AH by 22.8% compared with an increase of 0.4% in the placebo group (P < 0.001). This effect was independent of changes of Lp(a) concentrations. In patients with T2DM, PAF-AH activity is associated with a positive history of CAD. Fluvastatin not only decreases atherogenic dLDL but also PAF-AH activity, emphasizing the significance of fluvastatin treatment in T2DM. The antiatherogenic potential of fluvastatin in T2DM may thus be greater than expected from its effects on LDL-C and triglycerides alone.\n\nMärz, Winfried\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n81400\nEvaluation of the Gen-Probe PACE 2 and the Microtrak enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in urogenital samples.\n\nSTARY, A\n\nTEODOROWICZ, L\n\nHORTINGMULLER, I\n\nNERAD, S\n\nSTORCH, M\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:A1994MU29500006\n8140485.0\n10.1097/00007435-199401000-00006\nNone\nBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the value of the Gen-Probe PACE 2 assay for routine diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in genital specimens of symptomatic and asymptomatic men and women patients. STUDY DESIGN: Samples were collected from 90 men and 299 women patients and tested by using the Gen-Probe assay and the EIA MicroTrak. Discrepant results were further analyzed by immunofluorescence, a second run of the Gen-Probe assay, and a probe competition assay (PCA) to establish the number of true positive and negative outcomes based on the two tests used. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of C. trachomatis was 8.5% in all patients tested (women: 3.7%, men: 13.3%) with an overall agreement of 95.4% between the two diagnostic methods. Of the 18 discordant results, 12 (67%) were considered to be false positive in the Gen-Probe assay and 3 (16%) false positive in the EIA. Two (11%) positive results were missed in the Gen-Probe assay and 1 (6%) in the EIA, all observed in female specimens. The sensitivities and specificities of the EIA were 91.7% and 100% for men and 100% and 99% for women, and for the Gen-Probe assay were 83.3% and 100% for men and 100% and 95.8% for women, respectively, when compared with true positive and true negative results. Although the predictive value for all positive results (PVP) was 88% for the EIA and 78.2% for the Gen-Probe assay, it was only 47.8% for positive female samples when using the Gen-Probe assay. CONCLUSION: The Gen-Probe assay revealed a sensitivity comparable with the EIA. The accuracy of test results provided by a single Gen-Probe assay was considerably lower than by Micro-Trak reducing the utility of PACE 2 as a diagnostic technique for Chlamydia diagnosis. Due to the high rate of false-positive samples in the Gen-Probe assay, positive results with a low value of relative light units have to be further analyzed by confirmation procedures.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n82283\nEfficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage.\n\nMayer, SA\n\nBrun, NC\n\nBegtrup, K\n\nBroderick, J\n\nDavis, S\n\nDiringer, MN\n\nSkolnick, BE\n\nSteiner, T (study group with Fazekas, F)\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000255849300006\n18480205.0\n10.1056/NEJMoa0707534\nNone\nBACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage is the least treatable form of stroke. We performed this phase 3 trial to confirm a previous study in which recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) reduced growth of the hematoma and improved survival and functional outcomes. METHODS: We randomly assigned 841 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage to receive placebo (268 patients), 20 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram of body weight (276 patients), or 80 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram (297 patients) within 4 hours after the onset of stroke. The primary end point was poor outcome, defined as severe disability or death according to the modified Rankin scale 90 days after the stroke. RESULTS: Treatment with 80 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram resulted in a significant reduction in growth in volume of the hemorrhage. The mean estimated increase in volume of the intracerebral hemorrhage at 24 hours was 26% in the placebo group, as compared with 18% in the group receiving 20 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram (P=0.09) and 11% in the group receiving 80 microg (P<0.001). The growth in volume of intracerebral hemorrhage was reduced by 2.6 ml (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.3 to 5.5; P=0.08) in the group receiving 20 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram and by 3.8 ml (95% CI, 0.9 to 6.7; P=0.009) in the group receiving 80 microg, as compared with the placebo group. Despite this reduction in bleeding, there was no significant difference among the three groups in the proportion of patients with poor clinical outcome (24% in the placebo group, 26% in the group receiving 20 microg of rFVIIa per kilogram, and 29% in the group receiving 80 microg). The overall frequency of thromboembolic serious adverse events was similar in the three groups; however, arterial events were more frequent in the group receiving 80 microg of rFVIIa than in the placebo group (9% vs. 4%, P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Hemostatic therapy with rFVIIa reduced growth of the hematoma but did not improve survival or functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00127283 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).\n\nFazekas, Franz\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n84819\nMonitoring efficacy of cryotherapy for superficial basal cell carcinomas with in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy: A preliminary study.\n\nAhlgrimm-Siess, V\n\nHorn, M\n\nKoller, S\n\nLudwig, R\n\nGerger, A\n\nHofmann-Wellenhof, R\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000262622200010\n18829267.0\n10.1016/j.jdermsci.2008.08.005\nNone\nBackground: Superficial BCCs (sBCCs) usually appear as multiple lesions in chronic sun-damaged skin of elderly people and may show a destructive growth if left untreated. Non-invasive treatment modalities, such as cryotherapy have been employed for sBCCs, all failing to provide tissue for confirming diagnosis and assessing adequacy of tumour removal. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a new non-invasive imaging technique has proven to be a useful tool for detection of basal cell carcinoma in vivo. Objective: To non-invasively assess efficacy of cryotherapy for sBCCs by cytomorphologic analysis using RCM. Methods: We examined 10 histologically proven sBCCs located on the trunk of 5 consecutive patients with a mean age of 84.6 years. SBCCs were frozen twice using a spray nitrogen cryoprobe. RCM imaging was performed in each sBCC before cryotherapy and after 5 and 24 h to monitor resulting tissue injury. Distinct cytomorphologic characteristics were determined by three observers allowing non-invasive evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of treatment immediately after cryotherapy. Tumour clearance was assessed by RCM imaging 3 months after therapy followed by histopathologic examination. Results: Characteristic RCM-features of BCC were present in all lesions before cryotherapy. Five hours after cryotherapy, all 10 sBCCs showed small bright round to polygonal structures at basal layer and black round to oval areas of varying size with such bright structures floating therein, correlating to cell necrosis and incipient blistering. Eight sBCCs showed also cell necrosis in upper dermis. After 24 h all sBCCs showed necrotic cells beneath collagen bundles. Tumour clearance on later histopathologic examination was only proven in those lesions showing damage to the upper dermis after 5 h with RCM. Conclusion: Early cell necrosis within upper dermal structures seems to correlate with ablation of overlying turnout tissue. When it is not produced by cryotherapy, a second treatment should be considered. (c) 2008 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nGerger, Armin\n\nHofmann-Wellenhof, Rainer\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n104231\nEnzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis VI: Growth and pubertal development in patients treated with recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase.\n\nDecker, C\n\nYu, ZF\n\nGiugliani, R\n\nSchwartz, IV\n\nGuffon, N\n\nTeles, EL\n\nMiranda, MC\n\nWraith, JE\n\nBeck, M\n\nArash, L\n\nScarpa, M\n\nKetteridge, D\n\nHopwood, JJ\n\nPlecko, B\n\nSteiner, R\n\nWhitley, CB\n\nKaplan, P\n\nSwiedler, SJ\n\nConrad, S\n\nHarmatz, P\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nNone\n20634905.0\n10.3233/PRM-2010-0113\nPMC2904323\nBACKGROUND AND METHODS: Growth failure is characteristic of untreated mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI: Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome). Growth was studied in fifty-six MPS VI patients (5 to 29 years old) prior to and for up to 240 weeks of weekly infusions of recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB) at 1 mg/kg during Phase 1/2, Phase 2, Phase 3 or Phase 3 Extension clinical trials. Height, weight, and Tanner stage data were collected. Pooled data were analyzed to determine mean height increase by treatment week, growth impacts of pubertal status, baseline urinary GAG, and age at treatment initiation. Growth rate for approximately 2 years prior to and following treatment initiation was analyzed using longitudinal modeling. RESULTS: Mean height increased by 2.9 cm after 48 weeks and 4.3 cm after 96 weeks on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Growth on ERT was not correlated with baseline urinary GAG. Patients under 16 years of age showed greatest increases in height on treatment. Model results based on pooled data showed significant improvement in growth rate during 96 weeks of ERT when compared to the equivalent pretreatment time period. Delayed pubertal onset or progression was noted in 10 patients entering the clinical trials; all of whom showed progression of at least one Tanner stage during 2 years on ERT, and 6 of whom (60%) completed puberty. CONCLUSION: Analysis of mean height by treatment week and longitudinal modeling demonstrate significant increase in height and growth rate in MPS VI patients receiving long-term ERT. This impact was greatest in patients aged below 16 years. Height increase may result from bone growth and/or reduction in joint contractures. Bone growth and resolution of delayed puberty may be related to improvements in general health, bone cell health, nutrition, endocrine gland function and reduced inflammation.\n\nPlecko, Barbara\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n112065\nATP-SENSITIVE POTASSIUM CURRENTS IN RAT PRIMARY AFFERENT NEURONS: BIOPHYSICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, AND ALTERATIONS BY PAINFUL NERVE INJURY\n\nKawano, T\n\nZoga, V\n\nMcCallum, JB\n\nWu, HE\n\nGemes, G\n\nLiang, MY\n\nAbram, S\n\nKwok, WM\n\nHogan, QH\n\nSarantopoulos, CD\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000267787500021\n19422886.0\n10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.076\nNone\nATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels may be linked to mechanisms of pain after nerve injury, but remain under-investigated in primary afferents so far. We therefore characterized these channels in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and tested whether they contribute to hyperalgesia after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). We compared K(ATP) channel properties between DRG somata classified by diameter into small or large, and by injury status into neurons from rats that either did or did not become hyperalgesic after SNL, or neurons from control animals. In cell-attached patches, we recorded basal K(ATP) channel opening in all neuronal subpopulations. However, higher open probabilities and longer open times were observed in large compared to small neurons. Following SNL, this channel activity was suppressed only in large neurons from hyperalgesic rats, but not from animals that did not develop hyperalgesia. In contrast, no alterations of channel activity developed in small neurons after axotomy. On the other hand, cell-free recordings showed similar ATP sensitivity, inward rectification and unitary conductance (70-80 pS) between neurons classified by size or injury status. Likewise, pharmacological sensitivity to the K(ATP) channel opener diazoxide, and to the selective blockers glibenclamide and tolbutamide, did not differ between groups. In large neurons, selective inhibition of whole-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel current (I(K(ATP))) by glibenclamide depolarized resting membrane potential (RMP). The contribution of this current to RMP was also attenuated after painful axotomy. Using specific antibodies, we identified SUR1, SUR2, and Kir6.2 but not Kir6.1 subunits in DRGs. These findings indicate that functional K(ATP) channels are present in normal DRG neurons, wherein they regulate RMP. Alterations of these channels may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. Their biophysical and pharmacological properties are preserved even after axotomy, suggesting that K(ATP) channels in primary afferents remain available for therapeutic targeting against established neuropathic pain.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n113407\nGene network inference and biochemical assessment delineates GPCR pathways and CREB targets in small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasia.\n\nDrozdov, I\n\nSvejda, B\n\nGustafsson, BI\n\nMane, S\n\nPfragner, R\n\nKidd, M\n\nModlin, IM\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000293953400008\n21853033.0\n10.1371/journal.pone.0022457\nPMC3154895\nSmall intestinal (SI) neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are increasing in incidence, however little is known about their biology. High throughput techniques such as inference of gene regulatory networks from microarray experiments can objectively define signaling machinery in this disease. Genome-wide co-expression analysis was used to infer gene relevance network in SI-NETs. The network was confirmed to be non-random, scale-free, and highly modular. Functional analysis of gene co-expression modules revealed processes including 'Nervous system development', 'Immune response', and 'Cell-cycle'. Importantly, gene network topology and differential expression analysis identified over-expression of the GPCR signaling regulators, the cAMP synthetase, ADCY2, and the protein kinase A, PRKAR1A. Seven CREB response element (CRE) transcripts associated with proliferation and secretion: BEX1, BICD1, CHGB, CPE, GABRB3, SCG2 and SCG3 as well as ADCY2 and PRKAR1A were measured in an independent SI dataset (n = 10 NETs; n = 8 normal preparations). All were up-regulated (p<0.035) with the exception of SCG3 which was not differently expressed. Forskolin (a direct cAMP activator, 10(-5) M) significantly stimulated transcription of pCREB and 3/7 CREB targets, isoproterenol (a selective ß-adrenergic receptor agonist and cAMP activator, 10(-5) M) stimulated pCREB and 4/7 targets while BIM-53061 (a dopamine D(2) and Serotonin [5-HT(2)] receptor agonist, 10(-6) M) stimulated 100% of targets as well as pCREB; CRE transcription correlated with the levels of cAMP accumulation and PKA activity; BIM-53061 stimulated the highest levels of cAMP and PKA (2.8-fold and 2.5-fold vs. 1.8-2-fold for isoproterenol and forskolin). Gene network inference and graph topology analysis in SI NETs suggests that SI NETs express neural GPCRs that activate different CRE targets associated with proliferation and secretion. In vitro studies, in a model NET cell system, confirmed that transcriptional effects are signaled through the cAMP/PKA/pCREB signaling pathway and that a SI NET cell line was most sensitive to a D(2) and 5-HT(2) receptor agonist BIM-53061.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n115285\nGynecologic oncology training systems in Europe: a report from the European network of young gynaecological oncologists.\n\nGultekin, M\n\nDursun, P\n\nVranes, B\n\nLaky, R\n\nBossart, M\n\nGrabowski, JP\n\nPiek, JM\n\nManchanda, R\n\nGrimm, C\n\nDallaku, K\n\nBabloyan, S\n\nMoisei, A\n\nVan Gorp, T\n\nCadron, I\n\nMarkov, P\n\nMicevska, A\n\nHalaska, M\n\nSteffensen, KD\n\nGristsenko, L\n\nNissi, R\n\nLambaudie, E\n\nTsitsishvili, Z\n\nHaidopoulos, D\n\nTsolakidis, D\n\nNovak, Z\n\nPeiretti, M\n\nDunenova, G\n\nMacuks, R\n\nHetland, TE\n\nMichelsen, TM\n\nMartins, FC\n\nAchimas-Cadariu, P\n\nUlrikh, EA\n\nUharcek, P\n\nMalic, S\n\nOgnjenovic, D\n\nZapardiel, I\n\nJohann, S\n\nSukhin, VS\n\nManchanda, R\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000296553200027\n21720256.0\n10.1097/IGC.0b013e3182202d17\nNone\nThe objectives of the study were to highlight some of the differences in training systems and opportunities for training in gynecologic oncology across Europe and to draw attention to steps that can be taken to improve training prospects and experiences of European trainees in gynecologic oncology.\n The European Network of Young Gynaecological Oncologists national representatives from 34 countries were asked to review and summarize the training system in their countries of origin and fulfill a mini-questionnaire evaluating different aspects of training. We report analysis of outcomes of the mini-questionnaire and subsequent discussion at the European Network of Young Gynaecological Oncologists national representatives Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention meeting in Istanbul (April 2010).\n Training fellowships in gynecologic oncology are offered by 18 countries (53%). The median duration of training is 2.5 years (interquartile range, 2.0-3.0 years). Chemotherapy administration is part of training in 70.5% (24/34) countries. Most of the countries (26/34) do not have a dedicated national gynecologic-oncology journal. All trainees reported some or good access to training in advanced laparoscopic surgical techniques, whereas 41% indicated no access, and 59% some access to training opportunities in robotic surgery. European countries were grouped into 3 different categories on the basis of available training opportunities in gynecologic oncology: well-structured, moderately structured, and loosely structured training systems.\n There is a need for further harmonization and standardization of training programs and structures in gynecologic oncology across Europe. This is of particular relevance for loosely structured countries that lag behind the moderately structured and well-structured ones.\n\nLaky, Rene Walter\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n154617\nRapid and Sensitive Multiplex Detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei-Specific Antibodies in Melioidosis Patients Based on a Protein Microarray Approach.\n\nKohler, C\n\nDunachie, SJ\n\nMüller, E\n\nKohler, A\n\nJenjaroen, K\n\nTeparrukkul, P\n\nBaier, V\n\nEhricht, R\n\nSteinmetz, I\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000381017800051\n27427979.0\n10.1371/journal.pntd.0004847\nPMC4948818\nThe environmental bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei causes the infectious disease melioidosis with a high case-fatality rate in tropical and subtropical regions. Direct pathogen detection can be difficult, and therefore an indirect serological test which might aid early diagnosis is desirable. However, current tests for antibodies against B. pseudomallei, including the reference indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA), lack sensitivity, specificity and standardization. Consequently, serological tests currently do not play a role in the diagnosis of melioidosis in endemic areas. Recently, a number of promising diagnostic antigens have been identified, but a standardized, easy-to-perform clinical laboratory test for sensitive multiplex detection of antibodies against B. pseudomallei is still lacking.\n In this study, we developed and validated a protein microarray which can be used in a standard 96-well format. Our array contains 20 recombinant and purified B. pseudomallei proteins, previously identified as serodiagnostic candidates in melioidosis. In total, we analyzed 196 sera and plasmas from melioidosis patients from northeast Thailand and 210 negative controls from melioidosis-endemic and non-endemic regions. Our protein array clearly discriminated between sera from melioidosis patients and controls with a specificity of 97%. Importantly, the array showed a higher sensitivity than did the IHA in melioidosis patients upon admission (cut-off IHA titer ≥1:160: IHA 57.3%, protein array: 86.7%; p = 0.0001). Testing of sera from single patients at 0, 12 and 52 weeks post-admission revealed that protein antigens induce either a short- or long-term antibody response.\n Our protein array provides a standardized, rapid, easy-to-perform test for the detection of B. pseudomallei-specific antibody patterns. Thus, this system has the potential to improve the serodiagnosis of melioidosis in clinical settings. Moreover, our high-throughput assay might be useful for the detection of anti-B. pseudomallei antibodies in epidemiological studies. Further studies are needed to elucidate the clinical and diagnostic significance of the different antibody kinetics observed during melioidosis.\n\nSteinmetz, Ivo\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n155738\nEnterobacteriaceae Isolated from the River Danube: Antibiotic Resistances, with a Focus on the Presence of ESBL and Carbapenemases.\n\nKittinger, C\n\nLipp, M\n\nFolli, B\n\nKirschner, A\n\nBaumert, R\n\nGaller, H\n\nGrisold, AJ\n\nLuxner, J\n\nWeissenbacher, M\n\nFarnleitner, AH\n\nZarfel, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000386910000065\n27812159.0\n10.1371/journal.pone.0165820\nPMC5094594\nIn a clinical setting it seems to be normal these days that a relevant proportion or even the majority of different bacterial species has already one or more acquired antibiotic resistances. Unfortunately, the overuse of antibiotics for livestock breeding and medicine has also altered the wild-type resistance profiles of many bacterial species in different environmental settings. As a matter of fact, getting in contact with resistant bacteria is no longer restricted to hospitals. Beside food and food production, the aquatic environment might also play an important role as reservoir and carrier. The aim of this study was the assessment of the resistance patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. out of surface water without prior enrichment and under non-selective culture conditions (for antibiotic resistance). In addition, the presence of clinically important extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenmase harboring Enterobacteriaceae should be investigated. During Joint Danube Survey 3 (2013), water samples were taken over the total course of the River Danube. Resistance testing was performed for 21 different antibiotics. Samples were additionally screened for ESBL or carbapenmase harboring Enterobacteriaceae. 39% of all isolated Escherichia coli and 15% of all Klebsiella spp. from the river Danube had at least one acquired resistance. Resistance was found against all tested antibiotics except tigecycline. Taking a look on the whole stretch of the River Danube the proportion of multiresistances did not differ significantly. In total, 35 ESBL harboring Enterobacteriaceae, 17 Escherichia coli, 13 Klebsiella pneumoniae and five Enterobacter spp. were isolated. One Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring NMD-1 carbapenmases and two Enterobacteriaceae with KPC-2 could be identified. Human generated antibiotic resistance is very common in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. in the River Danube. Even isolates with resistance patterns normally associated with intensive care units are present.\n\nBaumert, Rita\n\nGaller, Herbert\n\nGrisold, Andrea\n\nKittinger, Clemens\n\nLipp, Michaela\n\nLuxner, Josefa\n\nMosbacher, Bettina\n\nZarfel, Gernot\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n167435\nAssessing Patient-reported Quality of Life Outcomes in Vulva Cancer Patients: A Systematic Literature Review.\n\nFroeding, LP\n\nGreimel, E\n\nLanceley, A\n\nOberguggenberger, A\n\nSchmalz, C\n\nRadisic, VB\n\nNordin, A\n\nGalalaei, R\n\nKuljanic, K\n\nVistad, I\n\nSchnack, TH\n\nJensen, PT\n\nEuropean Organization of Research Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group the Gynecological Cancer group\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000431413200022\n29420364.0\n10.1097/IGC.0000000000001211\nNone\nVulva cancer (VC) treatment carries a high risk of severe late effects that may have a negative impact on quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used when evaluating disease- and treatment-specific effects. However, the adequacy of measures used to assess sequelae and QoL in VC remains unclear. The aims of the present study were to evaluate disease- and treatment-related effects as measured by PROMs in VC patients and to identify available VC-specific PROMs.\n A systematic literature search from 1990 to 2016 was performed. The inclusion criterion was report of disease- and treatment-related effects in VC patients using PROMs in the assessment. Methodological and reporting quality was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. This systematic review was performed as part of phase 1 of the development of a European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL questionnaire for VC patients.\n The search revealed 2299 relevant hits, with 11 articles extracted including a total of 535 women with VC; no randomized controlled trials were identified. The selected studies exhibited great heterogeneity in terms of PROMs use. Twenty-one different instruments assessed QoL. Most of the questionnaires were generic. Different issues (sexuality, lymphedema, body image, urinary and bowel function, vulva-specific symptoms) were reported as potentially important, but the results were not systematically collected. Only one VC-specific questionnaire was identified but did not allow for assessment and reporting on a scale level.\n Vulva cancer treatment is associated with considerable morbidity deteriorating QoL. To date, there is no validated PROM available that provides adequate coverage of VC-related issues. The study confirms the need for a VC-specific QoL instrument with sensitive scales that allows for broad cross-cultural application for use in clinical trials.\n\nBjelic-Radisic, Vesna\n\nGreimel, Elfriede Renate\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n176810\nFirst Population-Based Report of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: 30-Day Outcomes from the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program.\n\nZani-Ruttenstock, E\n\nZani, A\n\nEaton, S\n\nFecteau, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000455897500010\n30130827.0\n10.1055/s-0038-1668563\nNone\nThe American College of Surgeons has developed a registry, the National Quality Improvement Program Pediatric (NSQIP-P), that provides participating centers with high-quality surgical outcome data for children. Herein, we aimed to analyze for the first time the short-term outcomes of live-born infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) registered on this large North American database.\n During 2015 to 2016, up to 101 participating centers uploaded 95 perioperative data points on the NSQIP-P database for patients that underwent surgical repair of CDH. The demographics, peri-, and post-operative data (up to 30 days following surgical repair) of infants with CDH were reviewed. Binary logistic regression was performed to test associations between risk factors and mortality.\n There were 432 (61% male) infants, who underwent CDH surgical repair during the study period. The prematurity rate (gestational age < 37 weeks) was 17%. The majority of infants (82%) had cardiac risk factors identified (72% were reported as major/severe). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was employed in 13% of patients prior to surgery. The majority of infants (83%) were ventilated preoperatively, and 34% received inotropes. Median age at surgery was 5 (0-74) days. CDH repair was attempted via thoracoscopy in 18% (n = 79) infants, but with a high rate of conversion to open surgery (n = 32, 41%). The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 9%. At binary logistic regression, major cardiac risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 1.7 [0.9-3.2], p = 0.095), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration at 1 minute (OR, 0.7 per unit [0.5-0.8], p < 0.005), and birth weight (OR, 0.5 per kg [0.2-1.0], p < 0.05) were retained in the final model as significantly associated with mortality.\n This is the first report on CDH outcomes from the NSQIP-P database. Utilization of ECMO was low compared with single-center studies from North America. The early postoperative mortality rate of babies with CDH considered suitable for surgery remains high.\n Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n179214\nEpidemiology of Dandy-Walker Malformation in Europe: A EUROCAT Population-Based Registry Study.\n\nSantoro, M\n\nCoi, A\n\nBarišić, I\n\nGarne, E\n\nAddor, MC\n\nBergman, JEH\n\nBianchi, F\n\nBoban, L\n\nBraz, P\n\nCavero-Carbonell, C\n\nGatt, M\n\nHaeusler, M\n\nKinsner-Ovaskainen, A\n\nKlungsøyr, K\n\nKurinczuk, JJ\n\nLelong, N\n\nLuyt, K\n\nMaterna-Kiryluk, A\n\nMokoroa, O\n\nMullaney, C\n\nNelen, V\n\nNeville, AJ\n\nO'Mahony, MT\n\nPerthus, I\n\nRandrianaivo, H\n\nRankin, J\n\nRissmann, A\n\nRouget, F\n\nSchaub, B\n\nTucker, D\n\nWellesley, D\n\nYevtushok, L\n\nPierini, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000501355300005\n31302658.0\n10.1159/000501238\nNone\nDandy-Walker (DW) malformation is a rare and severe congenital anomaly of the posterior fossa affecting the development of the cerebellum and the fourth ventricle.\n The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of DW malformation, using data from the European population-based registries of congenital anomalies in the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies network.\n Anonymous individual data on cases of DW malformation diagnosed in 2002-2015 from 28 registries in 17 countries were included. Prevalence, prenatal detection rate, proportions and types of associated anomalies were estimated. Cases of DW variant were considered and analysed separately.\n Out of 8, 28, 54 surveyed births we identified a total of 734 cases, including 562 DW malformation cases and 172 DW variant cases. The overall prevalence of DW malformation was 6.79 per 100, 00 births (95% CI 5.79-7.96) with 39.2% livebirths, 4.3% foetal deaths from 20 weeks gestational age, and 56.5% terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis of foetal anomaly at any gestation (TOPFA). The livebirth prevalence was 2.74 per 100, 00 births (95% CI 2.08-3.61). The prenatal detection rate was 87.6%. Two-hundred and seventy-three cases (48.6%) had an isolated cerebral anomaly and 24.2, 19.2 and 5.5% cases were associated with other structural non-cerebral anomalies, chromosomal anomalies and genetic syndromes respectively. The prevalence of DW variant was 2.08 per 100, 00 (95% CI 1.39-3.13).\n This European population-based study provides the epidemiological profile of DW malformation. All birth outcomes were analysed and TOPFA represented more than half of the cases. About 50% of the cases of DW malformation were associated with other non-cerebral anomalies. Large populations and all birth outcomes are essential in epidemiological studies of rare and severe congenital anomalies.\n © 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n182877\nThe 2-2-2-20-20 concept for supraacetabular schanz screw insertion without additional radiography.\n\nSchwarz, AM\n\nHohenberger, GM\n\nGrechenig, P\n\nKerner, A\n\nGänsslen, A\n\nStaresinic, M\n\nBakota, B\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nNone\n32736822.0\n10.1016/j.injury.2020.07.039\nNone\nApplication of supraacetabular Schanz screws is usually performed under image intensifier guidance. The aim of this study was to perform it without imaging, with the hypothesis that, respecting anatomical landmarks, pre- and intraoperative fluoroscopy can be avoided.\n Insertion of the supra-acetabular Schanz screws was performed by two trauma surgery residents in a study sample of 14 human adult cadavers which had been embalmed by use of Thiel`s method. With cadavers placed in supine position, the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) was palpated. Starting from this landmark, 2 cm were measured in a distal and 2 cm in the medial direction. At this point, a 2 cm long oblique skin incision was performed. Through this approach, 150 mm Schanz screws were drilled bilaterally into the supra-acetabular corridor with an angulation of 20° to distal as well as 20° to medial. Following screw application, combined obturator oblique-outlet views (COOO) were taken bilaterally in each specimen by use of an Arcadis© Orbic 3D C-arm to prove the screw position. Six of the specimens underwent a 3D-CT-scan. Images were evaluated concerning correct screw positioning by a further traumatologist. Skin and subcutaneous tissues were removed in the ilioinguinal region and possible lesions to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) or to the joint capsule were evaluated.\n The sample consisted of eight pelves from female and six pelves from male cadavers. During radiographic evaluation of the COOO-scans (14 specimens) and the 3D-scans (6 specimens), the Schanz screws were placed inside the supra-acetabular corridor in all specimens (14/14). During dissections, no intracapsular screw placements or LFCN lesions were found.\n According to the described anatomical data, we defined a 2-2-2-20-20 concept, starting with a 2 cm skin incision 2 cm distal and 2 cm medial to the ASIS with a drill angulation of 20° inferior and 20° lateral orientation. Using this technique, all Schanz screws could be sufficiently inserted without intraprocedural x-ray imaging.\n Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nHohenberger, Gloria\n\nKerner, Alexander Michael\n\nSchwarz, Angelika\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n184256\nLong term nutritional and growth outcomes of children completing an intensive multidisciplinary tube-feeding weaning program.\n\nSadeh-Kon, T\n\nFradkin, A\n\nDunitz-Scheer, M\n\nGolik-Guz, T\n\nSarig-Klein, R\n\nDavid, M\n\nWeiss, B\n\nSinai, T\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000582524000030\n32107059.0\n10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.006\nNone\nChildren on long-term tube-feeding often need special treatment for oral feeding transitioning. Rapid tube-weaning programs usually result in short-term reductions in food intake and weight loss. This study examined the long-term effects of a "Graz-model" based weaning program on nutritional status and growth.\n Children aged 0.5-13.0 years on long-term enteral nutritional support (ENS) participated in a three-week multidisciplinary weaning treatment. Data were collected at baseline, after completing the program, and at six and 12 months. Height/length, weight and BMI z-scores were determined according to the WHO growth standards. Energy and protein intake were assessed and presented as % of recommended daily allowance (RDA) values.\n Study participants (n = 58) were 64% male. Four children did not complete the three-week program due to acute illnesses. Complete weaning (from 100% ENS to 100% oral) was achieved in 22 children and partial weaning (at least 80% reduction of ENS) in 23 children. No demographic or clinical success predictors were identified. Thirty of the 45 weaned children completed the 12-month follow-up. A significant reduction in energy intake was observed at the three-week time-point [mean (SE): 56 (5.8)% versus 80 (4.7)%, p = 0.001]. This was followed by improvements in eating skills leading to energy intake at 12 months which did not significantly differ from baseline (p = 0.392). Mean (SE) baseline protein intake was 187 (13.0) %RDA. No significant difference from baseline were noted at 12 months (p = 0.301). Estimated mean (SD) height-, weight- and BMI z-scores at baseline were -2.11(0.28), -1.48(0.25), -0.13(0.31), respectively. No significant differences in growth data were observed over time.\n Short-term reductions in nutritional intake and body weight observed after an intensive weaning program were reversible, and growth patterns were stable over 12 months. Further follow-up is recommended to ensure continued positive development in these children.\n Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.\n\nDunitz-Scheer, Marguerite\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n1983\nPlasma and interstitial glucose dynamics after intravenous glucose injection: evaluation of the single-compartment glucose distribution assumption in the minimal models.\n\nRegittnig, W\n\nTrajanoski, Z\n\nLeis, HJ\n\nEllmerer, M\n\nWutte, A\n\nSendlhofer, G\n\nSchaupp, L\n\nBrunner, GA\n\nWach, P\n\nPieber, TR\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000080214900018\n10331412.0\n10.2337/diabetes.48.5.1070\nNone\nRecent experimental evidence suggests that estimates of glucose effectiveness (S(G)) from the minimal model of unlabeled glucose disappearance (Cold-MM) are in error. The single-compartment glucose distribution assumption embedded in the model has been indicated as a possible source of error. In this study, to directly examine the single-compartment assumption, we measured plasma and interstitial glucose concentrations after intravenous glucose injection. Additionally, we compared the accuracy of the estimates of glucose effectiveness from the Cold-MM and the single-compartment tracer minimal model (Hot-MM). Paired labeled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) were performed in each of six C-peptide-negative type 1 diabetic subjects. Two different insulin infusion protocols were used: an infusion at constant basal rates and an infusion at variable rates to mimic a normal insulin response. During the labeled IVGTT with basal insulin infusion, the microperfusion technique was employed to sample adipose tissue interstitial fluid. Marked differences between the plasma and interstitial dynamics of (cold) glucose were observed during the first 22 min after glucose injection. These results suggest that the requirements for a single-compartment representation of glucose kinetics are not satisfied during at least the first 22 min of an IVGTT. Data from the labeled IVGTT with normal insulin response were used to identify the minimal-model parameters. The measure of S(G) derived using the Cold-MM was 3.44-fold higher than the direct measure obtained from the labeled IVGTT with basal insulin infusion (0.0179+/-0.0027 vs. 0.0052+/-0.0010 min(-1), P<0.01). The measure of glucose effectiveness (S(G)*) derived by the Hot-MM was 1.36-fold higher than the direct measure available from the labeled IVGTT with basal insulin infusion (0.0079+/-0.0013 vs. 0.0058+/-0.0004 min(-1), P>0.26). These results suggest that the Hot-MM is more appropriate for the evaluation of glucose effectiveness than the Cold-MM.\n\nBrunner, Gernot\n\nLeis, Hans-Joerg\n\nPieber, Thomas\n\nRegittnig, Werner\n\nSendlhofer, Gerald\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n2703\nTranscription and activity of antioxidant enzymes after ionizing irradiation in radiation-resistant and radiation-sensitive mice.\n\nHardmeier, R\n\nHoeger, H\n\nFang-Kircher, S\n\nKhoschsorur, A\n\nLubec, G\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:A1997XJ87600081\n9207133.0\n10.1073/pnas.94.14.7572\nPMC23863\nThe involvement of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase in radiobiological processes has been described at the enzyme activity level. We irradiated radiation-resistant (RR) and radiation-sensitive (RS) mice and studied antioxidant enzymes at the transcriptional and activity level. In addition, aromatic hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation parameters were determined to study radiation resistance at the oxidation level. RS BALB/c/J Him mice and RR C3H He/Him mice were whole-body-irradiated with x-rays at 2, 4, and 6 Gy and killed 5, 15, and 30 min after irradiation. mRNA was isolated from liver and hybridized with probes for antioxidant enzymes and beta-actin as a housekeeping gene control. Antioxidant enzyme activities were determined by standard assays. Parameters for aromatic hydroxylation (o-tyrosine) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) were determined by HPLC methods. Antioxidant transcription was unchanged in contrast to antioxidant activities; SOD and CAT activities were elevated within 15 min in RR animals but not in RS mice, at all doses studied. Glutathione peroxidase activity was not different between RR and RS mice and was only moderately elevated after irradiation. No significant differences were found between RR and RS animals at the oxidation level, although a radiation dose-dependent increase of oxidation products was detected in both groups. We found that ionizing irradiation led to increased antioxidant activity only minutes after irradiation in the absence of increased transcription of these antioxidant enzymes. RR animals show higher antioxidant enzyme activities than do RS mice, but oxidation products are comparable in RS and RR mice. As unchanged transcription of antioxidant enzymes could not have been responsible for the increased antioxidant enzyme activities, preformed antioxidant enzymes should have been released by the irradiation process. This would be in agreement with previous studies of preformed, stored SOD. The finding of higher SOD and CAT activities in RR than in RS animals could point to a role for these antioxidant enzymes for the process of radiation sensitivity.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n3502\nRationale and design of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) Project: a multinational registry of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes.\n\nAgnelli, G\n\nAvezum, A\n\nBrieger, D\n\nBudaj A, Cannon CP, Goldberg RJ, Goodman S, Gulba DC, Granger C, Kennelly BM, Gurfinkel E, Lopez-Sendon J, Klein W, Montalescot G, Van de Werf F - GRACE Investigators\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000166823300003\n11174331.0\n10.1067/mhj.2001.112404\nNone\nBACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including the spectrum of conditions from unstable angina to ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. GRACE (the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) is a large, prospective, multinational observational study of patients hospitalized with ACS. The aim of GRACE is to improve the quality of care for patients with ACS by describing differences in, and relationships between, patient characteristics, treatment practices, and in-hospital and postdischarge outcomes at hospitals around the world. A goal of this study is to study approximately 10, 00 patients with ACS on an annual basis. METHODS: A total of 18 cluster sites in 14 countries in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand are currently collaborating in GRACE. Clusters were chosen on the basis of local demographic characteristics and hospital facilities to ensure a representative sample of patients with ACS from each country. Patients are identified by use of either active or passive surveillance approaches. A standardized core case report form is completed for all patients. Information on patient demographics, medical history, acute symptoms, clinical characteristics, electrocardiographic findings, treatment approaches, and in-hospital outcomes is collected. Patients are followed up at 6 months after hospital discharge to identify recurrent coronary events, use of various medications, and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The information collected from the GRACE project will provide important and extensive insights into patient demographic and clinical characteristics, current practice patterns, and outcomes for patients with ACS from a number of countries throughout the world. Given the pressures of practicing evidence-based medicine, the results of GRACE should provide a multinational perspective into these important outcomes and identify practice variations that will allow new opportunities to improve patient care.\n\n\n"
}
]
}