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"text": "\n169268\nThe local microbiome after pediatric bladder augmentation: intestinal segments and the native urinary bladder host similar mucosal microbiota.\n\nKispal, ZF\n\nVajda, P\n\nKardos, D\n\nKlymiuk, I\n\nMoissl-Eichinger, C\n\nCastellani, C\n\nSinger, G\n\nTill, H\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000460056300008\n30206025.0\n10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.07.028\nNone\nNext-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques have provided novel insights into the microbiome of the urinary bladder (UB). In children after bladder augmentation using either ileum (ileocystoplasty, ICP) or colon (colocystoplasty, CCP), the fate of the mucosal microbiome introduced into the urinary tract remains unknown.\n The aim was to compare the mucosal microbiome of the native UB vs the augmented intestinal segment (IS) using NGS.\n Twelve children after bladder augmentation (ICP n = 6, CCP n = 6) were included. Biopsies were taken during routine postoperative cystoscopy from the native UB and the IS. Specimens underwent whole-genome DNA extraction, 16S rRNA gene amplification, NGS, and Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) data analysis. Downstream statistical data analyses were performed in Calypso.\n Patients' median age at the time of surgery was 11 years (6-17 years), and the median interval between augmentation and sampling was 7 years (4-13 years). α-Diversity (Shannon diversity index) was not significantly different between IS vs UB, ICP vs CCP, and male vs female. No general differences in the overall bacterial pattern (β-diversity) were found between IS, UB, ICP, and CCP groups. The groups overlapped in principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis (Figure). Age at sampling had a statistically significant influence on β-diversity at the genus level. Corynebacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas, Lactobacillus, Flavobacterium, and Micrococcus were the most dominating taxa detected over all samples. There was an obvious dominance of the genus Corynebacterium in the samples taken from the UB and IS in both ICP and CCP patients. Limitations of this study include the relatively small number of patients.\n After bladder augmentation, the native UB and augmented ISs (ICP and CCP) host similar microbiota despite their distinct differences of originating mucosal anatomy.\n Copyright © 2018 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nCastellani, Christoph\n\nKlymiuk, Ingeborg\n\nMoissl-Eichinger, Christine\n\nSinger, Georg\n\nTill, Holger\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n183839\nModel-Based Inference and Classification of Immunologic Control Mechanisms from TKI Cessation and Dose Reduction in Patients with CML.\n\nHähnel, T\n\nBaldow, C\n\nGuilhot, J\n\nGuilhot, F\n\nSaussele, S\n\nMustjoki, S\n\nJilg, S\n\nJost, PJ\n\nDulucq, S\n\nMahon, FX\n\nRoeder, I\n\nFassoni, AC\n\nGlauche, I\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000537843200028\n32041835.0\n10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-2175\nNone\nRecent clinical findings in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) suggest that the risk of molecular recurrence after stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment substantially depends on an individual's leukemia-specific immune response. However, it is still not possible to prospectively identify patients that will remain in treatment-free remission (TFR). Here, we used an ordinary differential equation model for CML, which explicitly includes an antileukemic immunologic effect, and applied it to 21 patients with CML for whom BCR-ABL1/ABL1 time courses had been quantified before and after TKI cessation. Immunologic control was conceptually necessary to explain TFR as observed in about half of the patients. Fitting the model simulations to data, we identified patient-specific parameters and classified patients into three different groups according to their predicted immune system configuration ("immunologic landscapes"). While one class of patients required complete CML eradication to achieve TFR, other patients were able to control residual leukemia levels after treatment cessation. Among them were a third class of patients that maintained TFR only if an optimal balance between leukemia abundance and immunologic activation was achieved before treatment cessation. Model simulations further suggested that changes in the BCR-ABL1 dynamics resulting from TKI dose reduction convey information about the patient-specific immune system and allow prediction of outcome after treatment cessation. This inference of individual immunologic configurations based on treatment alterations can also be applied to other cancer types in which the endogenous immune system supports maintenance therapy, long-term disease control, or even cure. SIGNIFICANCE: This mathematical modeling approach provides strong evidence that different immunologic configurations in patients with CML determine their response to therapy cessation and that dose reductions can help to prospectively infer different risk groups.See related commentary by Triche Jr, p. 2083.\n ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.\n\nJost, Philipp\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n184890\nLinear Anterior-Posterior Computed Tomography Parameters Used to Quantify Trochlear Dysplasia Are More Reliable Than Angular Measurements.\n\nFerlic, PW\n\nRuner, A\n\nSeeber, C\n\nThöni, M\n\nSpicher, A\n\nLiebensteiner, MC\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000636265800029\n33242631.0\n10.1016/j.arthro.2020.11.032\nNone\n(1) To evaluate the reliability of 9 commonly used quantitative parameters of the trochlear morphology on computed tomography (CT) and (2) to analyze for differences in the reliability regarding patient subgroups (patellofemoral instability [PFI] vs non-PFI).\n A retrospective analysis of lower-limb CT scans performed between August 1996 and February 2013 was performed. The CT scans of all patients with PFI and 30 randomly selected cases without a history of PFI (non-PFI) were included. The following measurements were performed on 1 proximal axial CT slice at the entrance of the trochlear groove and 1 slice 5 mm further distal: relative medial, central, and lateral trochlear height; trochlear depth; relative transverse trochlear shift; trochlear facet asymmetry; sulcus angle; and medial and lateral trochlear slope. Four investigators performed the measurements independently, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for the entire study group, as well as for the PFI and non-PFI groups separately.\n In total, 66 cases (36 PFI cases) were included in the study. We found almost perfect inter-rater and intrarater agreement for the trochlear height on both axial CT slices (ICC, 0.831-0.977). For the other measurements, we found only fair reliability (ICC < 0.4) on the proximal CT slice, whereas on the distal CT slice, at least moderate reliability (ICC > 0.4) was observed. ICCs were lower for many parameters in the PFI group. Angular values were less reliable than linear values. In particular, measurements involving the medial facet (i.e., sulcus angle, medial trochlear slope, and trochlear facet asymmetry) were less reliable.\n When interpreting quantitative parameters defining the trochlear morphology, one must taken into account the considerably lower reliability of angular parameters such as the commonly used sulcus angle compared with linear measurements. Radiologic measurements are less reliable in cases of PFI than in subjects without instability.\n Level III, retrospective case-control study.\n Copyright © 2020 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nFerlic, Peter\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n186687\nVitamin D3 Controls TLR4- and TLR2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses of Endometrial Cells.\n\nGhanavatinejad, A\n\nRashidi, N\n\nMirahmadian, M\n\nRezania, S\n\nMosalaei, M\n\nGhasemi, J\n\nZarnani, AH\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000617016200001\n33540416.0\n10.1159/000513590\nNone\nVitamin D has potent immunoregulatory features and modulates innate and adaptive immune responses. There is a significant association between intrauterine infection-associated inflammatory responses and pregnancy complications such as abortion and preterm labor. Here, we investigated how 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 could modulate inflammatory responses of endometrial cells.\n This is an in vitro experimental study. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and whole endometrial cells (WECs) were collected from 15 apparently normal women, and the immunomodulatory effects of 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-treated ESCs and WECs were investigated. Participants/Materials, Setting, and Methods: Women with no history of abortion, infertility, endometriosis, or sign of vaginal infection were enrolled in this study. Endometrial samples were collected by gynecologists using a Pipelle pipette in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. WECs and ESCs were collected and treated with either LPS or LTA. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in culture supernatants were quantified using the ELISA technique. TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 expressions were assessed by RT-qPCR. TLR4 expression at the protein level was studied by the Western blot technique.\n 1, 5 Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1, 5 (OH)2 D3) significantly reduced TNF-α production in LPS-activated ESCs and TNF-α and IL-6 production by LTA-stimulated WECs. In contrast, 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 pretreatment increased the production of IL-8 by LPS- and LTA-stimulated endometrial cells. 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 pretreatment markedly reduced LPS-induced TLR4 protein expression by ESCs. LPS treatment of ESCs significantly induced MyD88 gene expression. This effect was reversed when these cells were pretreated with 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 before stimulation with LPS.\n Because of the small size of samples, doing experiments all together on some samples was not feasible. Confirmation of the results obtained here needs well-designed in vivo studies.\n 1, 5 (OH)2 D3 is an immunomodulatory molecule essential for maintaining endometrial immune homeostasis by controlling potentially harmful inflammatory responses associated with female reproductive tract infections.\n © 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.\n\nRezania, Simin\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n2254\nRenography before heart transplantation in patients with cardiomyopathy.\n\nAigner, RM\n\nO'Mara, RE\n\nFueger, GF\n\nTscheliessnigg, K\n\nNicoletti, R\n\nSorantin, E\n\nSmith, EM\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000077543100035\n9867160.0\nNone\nNone\nIn patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (CM), abnormal renograms may result not only from circulatory failure (which should reverse after transplantation) but also from intrinsic renal disease (which contraindicates heart transplantation). Here, the outcome of heart transplantation was related to preoperative renograms, and the differentiating and prognostic value of renography was analyzed. Methods: The study population consisted of 50 patients with ischemic CM expecting heart transplantation. Anatomical renal pathology was excluded in all patients. Dynamic renal scintigraphy was performed with Tc-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine. Background-subtracted renograms were inspected visually and characterized numerically. Mean parenchymal transit time (mPTT), renal tracer content at 15 min (RTC15) and retention index (RI) were determined. The parametric renogram values were related to a normal reference group of 64 patients. The preoperative renograms were matched with the postoperative outcome. Results: Three characteristic types of symmetrical findings in the kidneys were found: no pathological findings, mildly delayed peak and excretion phase and severely delayed peak and excretion phase. Pathological renograms were observed in 36 of 50 (72%) patients. The mean parametric renogram values in ischemic CM were as follows: Group-A (normal kidney function), mPTT = 142 +/- 26.6 sec, RTC15 = 22.3% +/- 4.6% and RI = 24.7 +/- 11.9; Group B (mild dysfunction), mPTT = 210 +/- 44.0 sec, RTC15 = 42.6% +/- 10.3% and RI = 101.4 +/- 50.5; Group C (severe dysfunction), mPTT = 320 +/- 94.2 sec, RTC15 = 79.6% +/- 15.9% and RI = 347.7 +/- 194.7; and reference patients (normal kidney function), mPTT = 137 +/- 31.1 sec, RTC15 = 22.8% +/- 3.8% and RI = 24.6 +/- 7.9. Postoperative serum creatinine levels were <1.5 mg/dl in all Group A patients, between 1.5 and 2.5 mg/dl in 78% of Group B patients and > 2.5 mg/dl in 75% of Group C patients. Conclusion: Renography revealed abnormal kidney function when structural pathology was excluded. The renographic abnormalities in ischemic CM did not reflect simply the circulatory failure. The numerical grading of renograms allowed patient stratification, suggestive of possible renal insufficiency after cardiac transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy. With further experience, renography may become a useful tool for predicting postoperative outcome in ischemic CM.\n\nAigner, Reingard\n\nSorantin, Erich\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n16718\nTreatment for soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and adolescence. Austrian results within the CWS 96 study.\n\nModritz, D\n\nLadenstein, R\n\nPötschger, U\n\nAmman, G\n\nDieckmann, K\n\nHorcher, E\n\nUrban, C\n\nMeister, B\n\nSchmitt, K\n\nJones, R\n\nKaulfersch, W\n\nHaas, H\n\nMoser, R\n\nStöllinger, O\n\nPeham, M\n\nGadner, H\n\nKoscielniak, E\n\nTreuner, J\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000228714600006\n15875759.0\n10.1007/s00508-004-5-0285-8\nNone\nOBJECTIVE: The aim of the CWS 96 Study was to achieve an optimal treatment in children and adolescents with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) implementing a further refinement of risk-adapted allocation to chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. METHODS: Treatment stratification was based on tumour histology, TNM status, postsurgical stage, localisation and age. Local tumour control was ensured by surgery and risk-adapted radiotherapy. RESULTS: From 1995 to 2002, 89 patients were registered in Austria. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival rates (OS) were 63% +/- 6% and 71% +/- 6%, respectively. 59/89 patients had localised RMS-like (rhabdomayosarcoma) STS (EFS 73% +/- 7%), 14 had localised NON-RMS STS (EFS 54% +/- 16%) and 15 patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis (EFS 33% +/- 12%), 1 patient had fibromatosis. The EFS rates at 3 years in patients with localised RMS-like tumours according to risk group were 92% +/- 8% for low and standard risk (12 patients) and 67% +/- 8% for high risk (47 patients). Favourable primary tumour sites of nonmetastatic RMS-like STS i.e. orbit, head/neck nonparameningeal or genitourinary non-bladder/prostate were diagnosed in 15 patients (1/15 patients died). In 44 patients with unfavourable localisation such as parameningeal, genitourinary bladder/prostate, extremity and others, 7 deceased. The 3 year EFS according to histology in patients with RMS-like STS was 61% +/- 11% for RME (embryonal RMS ) (28 patients) and 71% +/- 15% for RMA (alveolar RMS) (10 patients). The most common treatment failure was local relapse occurring in 21% of patients in the high-risk group. CONCLUSION: Risk-adapted individualisation of treatment led to a reduction of chemotherapy in the low and standard risk group without compromising survival. The outcome of RME and RMA was similar in this cohort of patients. These preliminary results after a median observation time of 2.5 years confirm the CWS 96 strategy.\n\nUrban, Ernst-Christian\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n70935\nAngiotensin I and II exert inotropic effects in atrial but not in ventricular human myocardium. An in vitro study under physiological experimental conditions.\n\nHolubarsch, C\n\nHasenfuss, G\n\nSchmidt-Schweda, S\n\nKnorr, A\n\nPieske, B\n\nRuf, T\n\nFasol, R\n\nJust, H\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:A1993LV72800049\n8394785.0\n10.1161/01.CIR.88.3.1228\nNone\nBACKGROUND. The renin-angiotensin system with its renal-humoral and local myocardial components plays an important role in the development and progression of chronic heart failure. Whereas angiotensin receptors have been found in atrial and ventricular myocardium of different species including humans, its influence on myocardial contractility is not yet defined in human failing myocardium and especially in human nonfailing myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS. We measured force development of right atrial and right and left ventricular myocardial preparations of patients with a variety of cardiac diseases. To evaluate the physiological effects of angiotensin, experimental temperature and stimulation rates were 37 degrees C and 60 beats per minute, respectively. Angiotensin I and II increased peak developed force in atrial myocardial preparations obtained from patients without heart failure in a concentration-dependent manner. At optimal concentrations, peak developed force is increased from 10.2 +/- 1.8 to 12.3 +/- 1.9 mN/mm2 by angiotensin I (P < .05) and from 15.4 +/- 2.1 to 20.5 +/- 3.3 mN/mm2 by angiotensin II (P < .05). This effect was not influenced by pretreatment with propranolol (10(-6) mol/L) and prazosin (10(-5) mol/L) but was completely blocked by saralasin (10(-6) mol/L). The positive inotropic effect of angiotensin I could be blocked by enalaprilate (10(-5) mol/L). Neither angiotensin I nor angiotensin II had any effect in preparations of the left ventricle from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, mitral valve stenosis, and incompetence or in patients with no significant heart disease. Additionally, no effect could be seen when angiotensin II was applied to right ventricular preparations from infants undergoing reconstructive heart surgery for tetralogy of Fallot. CONCLUSIONS. Angiotensin I and II exert positive inotropic effects via angiotensin receptors in atrial preparations but not in right or left ventricular preparations. Furthermore, the existence of a local myocardial angiotensin converting enzyme with functional importance is shown.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n94549\nSlow-growing melanoma: a dermoscopy follow-up study.\n\nArgenziano, G\n\nKittler, H\n\nFerrara, G\n\nRubegni, P\n\nMalvehy, J\n\nPuig, S\n\nCowell, L\n\nStanganelli, I\n\nDe Giorgi, V\n\nThomas, L\n\nBahadoran, P\n\nMenzies, SW\n\nPiccolo, D\n\nMarghoob, AA\n\nZalaudek, I\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000273633300007\n19785607.0\n10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09416.x\nNone\nBackground Recent evidence suggests that melanoma is a family of different tumours with varying abilities to grow and metastasize. Trends in melanoma epidemiology show a strong increase in the incidence of thin melanoma, with no corresponding increase in mortality or incidence of thick melanoma. We initially evaluated five cases and found that none had baseline features suggestive of melanoma; excision was performed based on slight changes visible only in side-by-side comparisons of dermoscopic images. Objectives To assess the clinico-dermoscopic features and the growth patterns of melanomas that were excised after a follow-up of 1 year or more due to their inconspicuous features at the baseline consultation. Methods In a multicentre, retrospective study of histopathologically confirmed melanomas excised after follow-up, we analysed dermoscopic images obtained at the initial consultation and compared them with images obtained at the last follow-up consultation. Images were analysed and graded using standard algorithms and scored for changes in size, symmetrical or asymmetrical structural change, and development of new melanoma-specific criteria. An overall score reflecting the amount of change was calculated for each lesion. Results Our series consisted of 103 melanomas. After a median follow-up of 20 months, most lesions were still in situ or early invasive (median Breslow thickness of 0 48 mm), with only three lesions showing tumour thickness of 1 mm or more. The most frequent baseline characteristics were asymmetrical pigmentation (78.6% of lesions), reticular overall pattern (62.1%), and regression features (35.9%). Most melanomas (58.3%) showed minor to moderate changes over time, with <2 mm size increase, with asymmetrical structural change, and without development of new melanoma-specific criteria. Major changes were visible only after a mean follow-up of 33 months. Conclusions This study provides evidence for the existence of a subgroup of slow-growing melanomas, which may explain the increase in the incidence of thin melanoma, despite stable rates of thick melanoma and melanoma-associated mortality.\n\nZalaudek, Iris\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n106528\nOrally administered colistin leads to colistin-resistant intestinal flora and fails to prevent faecal colonisation with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteria in hospitalised newborns.\n\nStrenger, V\n\nGschliesser, T\n\nGrisold, A\n\nZarfel, G\n\nFeierl, G\n\nMasoud, L\n\nHoenigl, M\n\nResch, B\n\nMüller, W\n\nUrlesberger, B\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000285332700013\n21074372.0\n10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.09.010\nNone\nColonisation and infection with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is an emerging problem. The aim of this study was to investigate whether colistin, which is reported to be effective against multiresistant enterobacteria, prevents ESBL-E colonisation in neonates. For prophylaxis of necrotising enterocolitis, oral gentamicin (15 mg/kg/day) is routinely used in all neonates hospitalised at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of University Hospital Graz (Austria). During the study period from May 2005 to September 2007, three ESBL-E outbreaks (total duration 18 months) occurred. During these outbreaks, gentamicin was immediately replaced by oral colistin (8 mg/kg/day) in all hospitalised neonates. All neonates colonised with ESBL-E during the study period were retrospectively analysed with regard to the influence of colistin on ESBL-E colonisation. Genetic relatedness of isolates was assessed by repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR). During the study period, 30 (4.5%) of 667 neonates were colonised with ESBL-E. Twelve of twenty-one patients colonised with Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) and one of nine patients colonised with Klebsiella oxytoca (ESBL-Ko) had received oral colistin at time of colonisation with ESBL-E. Amongst ESBL-Kp, the rate of colistin resistance was significantly higher in the colistin group (P=0.0075). Four different clones of ESBL-Kp and three different clones of ESBL-Ko were isolated, indicating the occurrence of patient-to-patient transmission. Colistin-resistant as well as colistin-susceptible isolates were detected within the same clones, indicating induction of resistance. At the dosage used, oral colistin did not prevent colonisation with ESBL-E and appeared to select colistin-resistant strains or to induce colistin resistance.\n Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.\n\nFeierl, Gebhard\n\nGrisold, Andrea\n\nHönigl, Martin\n\nMasoud-Landgraf, Lilian\n\nMüller, Wilhelm\n\nResch, Bernhard\n\nStrenger, Volker\n\nUrlesberger, Berndt\n\nZarfel, Gernot\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n107719\nCirrus OCT versus Spectralis OCT: differences in segmentation in fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment.\n\nSmretschnig, E\n\nKrebs, I\n\nMoussa, S\n\nAnsari-Shahrezaei, S\n\nAnsari-Shahrezarei, S\n\nBinder, S\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000284810000002\n20496152.0\n10.1007/s00417-010-1415-9\nNone\nAutomatically measurements of retinal thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) facilitate the assessment of various retinal diseases.The aim of this retrospective study was to report macular thickness measurements in eyes with vascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by using two different commercially available spectral domain (SD) OCT instruments and to consequently point out differences in their algorithm software.systems.\n OCT images of patients with vascular PED due to AMD, obtained with Cirrus and Spectralis OCT, were retrospectively analyzed. Main objectives were to observe differences in central retinal thickness (CRT) values and failures in automated threshold delineation, as well as central point thickness values obtained after manual correction of threshold lines. Scanning with the Cirrus HD OCT was performed with the 512 × 128 scan pattern; scans performed with the Spectralis OCT were 20 × 15 degree raster scans consisting of 19 high-speed line scans.\n OCT images of 34 eyes of 28 patients with a mean age of 71 years and a mean distance visual acuity (VA) of 0.70 ETDRS were analyzed. Mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was 262.38 μm ± 133.18 (176-507 μm) in Cirrus and 337.82 μm ± 137.75 (277-790 μm) in Spectralis scans, ainly caused by different software approaches in positioning the posterior threshold line, following the PED in Cirrus OCT whereas remaining unelevated in Spectralis OCT. There were failures in positioning the outer retinal boundary line in 50% of Cirrus scans and in 73.52% of Spectralis scans. We obtained the mean value of central point neurosensory retinal thickness of each central single scan after manual delineation, and found a significant correlation (r = 0.819, p < 0.001).\n Our study indicates that there are significant differences in CRT values in patients with vascular PED, due to different segmentation algorithms and a high error rate in automatically set threshold lines. When planning and conducting multicenter studies, one has to be especially aware of the differences in delineating threshold algorithm lines by different SD OCT devices.\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n130283\nOsteolytic lesions of the calcaneus: results from a multicentre study.\n\nWeger, C\n\nFrings, A\n\nFriesenbichler, J\n\nGrimer, R\n\nAndreou, D\n\nMachacek, F\n\nPfeiffenberger, K\n\nLiegl-Atzwanger, B\n\nTunn, PU\n\nLeithner, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000324074100027\n23974835.0\n10.1007/s00264-013-2042-y\nPMC3764280\nPurpose Tumours of the calcaneus are exceedingly rare and the correct diagnosis is often missed. X-rays are the standard clinical examination tool and therefore we wanted to discover whether X-rays alone were a sufficient diagnostic tool for these tumours. Diard's classification was applied to define whether different types of lesions were characteristically distributed in the bone and in addition we analysed whether type and/or duration of symptoms were possible indicators of malignancy. Methods Ninety-two patients' files (59 men and 33 women) were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy-five patients with a mean age at surgery of 28 years (range five to 78) were surgically treated. Parameters analysed were sex, age at surgery, side, type and duration of symptoms, tentative diagnosis, biopsy prior to surgery, operative procedure, recurrence rate, revision and localisation of the lesion according to Diard. For each lesion the first documented radiological diagnosis and-in cases of malignancy-Enneking's classification was applied. Results Discrepancies between the radiological and definitive histological diagnosis occurred in 38 (41 %) of 92 cases. In eight (osteosarcoma n = 5, Ewing's sarcoma n = 2, metastases n = 1) of 17 malignant cases radiological examination initially gave no evidence of malignancy, resulting in an unplanned excision ("whoops procedure") in three cases of osteosarcoma. Applying Diard's system trabecular area 6 (radiolucent area) was highly affected in 64 (80 %) of 80 investigated plain X-rays, whereas areas 1 and 5 were affected in nine (11 %) and 16 (20 %) cases only. Conclusions In each case of an osteolytic lesion of the calcaneus a malignant tumour must be ruled out, and thus preoperative plain X-rays in two planes alone are not sufficient and should therefore be followed by magnetic resonance imaging. Applying the Diard system different types of lesions are not characteristically distributed in the bone. Increasing pain for more than ten days without previous trauma should always justify further examinations.\n\nFriesenbichler, Jörg\n\nLeithner, Andreas\n\nLiegl-Atzwanger, Bernadette\n\nWeger, Christian\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n138392\nEvaluation of the impact of writing exercises interventions on quality of life in patients with psoriasis undergoing systemic treatments.\n\nTabolli, S\n\nNaldi, L\n\nPagliarello, C\n\nSampogna, F\n\ndi Pietro, C\n\nSpagnoli, A\n\nAbeni, D\n\nItalian Writing Exercise Study Group\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000311855700034\n23013045.0\n10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11147.x\nNone\nEmotional writing is a short-term psychological intervention that has been successfully used in several controlled studies.\n The overall objective of the study was to test the efficacy of Pennebaker's emotional writing intervention in patients with psoriasis treated with systemic therapy.\n A randomized controlled trial was conducted in seven clinical centres in Italy, over a 2-year period. The main outcome measures were the psoriasis area and severity index and the Physician Global Assessment, as well as generic and dermatology-specific quality of life questionnaires. Such outcomes were measured at 4 weeks, and 6 and 12 months from baseline. The project recruitment time was 12 months, and the total follow-up time for each individual was also 12 months.\n In total, 202 patients were enrolled and assessed at baseline, 67 of whom completed all three follow-up visits. The writing exercise had little or no effect on patients with psoriasis who were undergoing systemic treatment. In the Generalized Estimating Equations models no statistically significant differences were observed in the Pennebaker intervention group vs. the control group. In subgroup analysis for health status, small effects in favour of patients assigned to the Pennebaker group were documented at the end of the study in women, in overweight individuals, in patients under treatment with biological drugs, and on the Physical Component Summary of the Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire.\n The Pennebaker and control groups had similar changes over time for practically all the outcome variables, and also when considering all observations and adjusting for all the variables of interest. The longitudinal analysis confirmed that the intervention had little or no effect on the variables of interest. The implementation of writing exercises requires a careful and ad hoc organization, including dedicated spaces for the writing itself.\n © 2012 The Authors. BJD © 2012 British Association of Dermatologists 2012.\n\nLinder, Michael Dennis\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n147962\nGlobal space workforce development: a model for partnership building and knowledge transfer to developing space-faring societies\n\nMacLeish, MM\n\nAkinyede, JO\n\nWhite, RJ\n\nGoswami, N\n\nThomson, WA\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000362618200011\nNone\n10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.07.003\nNone\nThis paper reports findings of the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) Study Group (SG), International Cooperation for Space Life Sciences Knowledge Sharing and Development in Africa, (2013). The SG, established in 2010, is comprised of space life sciences experts from across the globe. It charged with developing a cooperative global strategy to generate partnerships for space workforce development and life sciences knowledge sharing among space-faring and space-aspiring African nations. The study group's findings emphasize the need for cultural competencies and cooperation. In recent years, Africa's spending on space science has increased as national governments have defined their space aspirations and goals within the context of "space for humanity" and global workforce development Some African counties have developed their own space agencies with well-defined policies and objectives. Space workforce development efforts among these countries focus on satellite technology and ground station operation, astronomy/space science and investment in related activities that advance their specific space exploration/utilization aspirations (e.g., communication services; satellite data collection and processing, with applications in areas such as food security, health and education, crime control, environmental and disaster management, and urban sprawl; radio telescope technology; and space science education outreach and awareness). The IAA study also examines the implications of increased international governmental/non-governmental educational partnerships for workforce development and proposes a roadmap for Africa's space-emerging countries seeking to establish global partnerships to develop indigenous space workforces. The study concludes that there are many platforms available to promote inter-regional cooperation on space workforce development, particularly in the areas of space science and technology. This paper calibrates the IAA study group's report with the IAA's report, Future Human Spaceflight: the Need for International Cooperation (2010), which outlines common global interests for human space exploration and supports the outcomes of three African IAA regional conferences on "Space for Africa." (C) 2015 IAA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nGoswami, Nandu\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n153430\nParathyroid hormone, aldosterone-to-renin ratio and fibroblast growth factor-23 as determinants of nocturnal blood pressure in primary hyperparathyroidism: the eplerenone in primary hyperparathyroidism trial.\n\nVerheyen, N\n\nFahrleitner-Pammer, A\n\nPieske, B\n\nMeinitzer, A\n\nBelyavskiy, E\n\nWetzel, J\n\nGaksch, M\n\nGrübler, MR\n\nCatena, C\n\nSechi, LA\n\nVan Ballegooijen, AJ\n\nBrandenburg, VM\n\nScharnagl, H\n\nPerl, S\n\nBrussee, H\n\nMärz, W\n\nPilz, S\n\nTomaschitz, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000380870400014\n27379537.0\n10.1097/HJH.0000000000001004\nNone\nThe high prevalence of arterial hypertension in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is largely unexplained. Apart from parathyroid hormone (PTH), the mineral hormones fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) are upregulated in pHPT. We aimed to determine whether nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is related with PTH, FGF-23 or ARR in a relatively large sample of pHPT patients.\n Cross-sectional data of the single-center "Eplerenone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism" trial were used. All patients with a biochemical diagnosis of pHPT who had both available 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and valid laboratory data were included.\n Full data were available in 136 patients (mean age 67 ± 10 years, 78% women). Median PTH was 99 (interquartile range: 82-124) pg/ml and mean calcium was 2.63 ± 0.15 mmol/l. ARR, but not PTH or FGF-23, was significantly and directly related with nocturnal SBP (Pearson's r = 0.241, P < 0.01) and DBP (r = 0.328, P < 0.01). In multivariate regression analyses, with adjustment for age, sex, PTH, FGF-23, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, antihypertensive medication and parameters of calcium metabolism ARR remained significantly and directly related with nocturnal BP (SBP: adjusted β-coefficient = 0.289, P < 0.01; DBP: β = 0.399, P < 0.01). The relationship between ARR and nocturnal SBP was exclusively present in patients with PTH levels above the median of 99 pg/ml.\n ARR, but not FGF-23 or PTH, was independently and directly related with nocturnal BP parameters in patients with pHPT, and this relationship was dependent on pHPT disease severity. Inappropriately, elevated aldosterone may partially explain the high prevalence of arterial hypertension in pHPT.\n\nBrussee, Helmut\n\nFahrleitner-Pammer, Astrid\n\nMärz, Winfried\n\nMeinitzer, Andreas\n\nPerl, Sabine\n\nPilz, Stefan\n\nScharnagl, Hubert\n\nVerheyen, Nicolas Dominik\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n159992\nThe effectiveness of daily supplementation with 400 or 800 µg/day folate in reaching protective red blood folate concentrations in non-pregnant women: a randomized trial.\n\nObeid, R\n\nSchön, C\n\nWilhelm, M\n\nPietrzik, K\n\nPilz, S\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000438928300006\n28447203.0\n10.1007/s00394-017-1461-8\nPMC6060806\nFolate required to achieve desirable red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations within 4-8 weeks pre-pregnancy is not known. We studied the effect of supplementation with 400 or 800 µg/day folate in achieving RBC-folate ≥906 nmol/L.\n Non-pregnant women were randomized to receive multinutrient supplements containing 400 µg/day (n = 100) or 800 µg/day (n = 101) folate [folic acid and (6S)-5-CH3-H4folate-Ca (1:1)]. The changes of folate biomarkers were studied after 4 and 8 weeks in the 198 women who returned at least for visit 2.\n At baseline, 12 of the 198 participants (6.1%) had RBC-folate <340 nmol/L, but 88% had levels <906 nmol/L. The RBC-folate concentrations increased significantly in the 800 µg/day (mean ± SD = 652 ± 295 at baseline; 928 ± 330 at 4 weeks; and 1218 ± 435 nmol/L at 8 weeks) compared with the 400 µg/day [632 ± 285 at baseline (p = 0.578); 805 ± 363 at 4 weeks (p < 0.001); 1021 ± 414 nmol/L at 8 weeks (p < 0.001)]. The changes of RBC-folate were greater in the 800 µg/day than in the 400 µg/day at any time (changes after 8 weeks: 566 ± 260 vs. 389 ± 229 nmol/L; p < 0.001). Significantly more women in the 800 µg group achieved desirable RBC-folate concentrations at 4 weeks (45.5 vs. 31.3%; p = 0.041) or 8 weeks (83.8 vs. 54.5%; p < 0.001) compared with the 400 µg group. RBC-folate levels below the population median (590 nmol/L) were associated with a reduced response to supplements.\n 88% of the women had insufficient RBC-folate to prevent birth defects, while 6.1% had deficiency. Women with low RBC-folate were unlikely to achieve desirable levels within 4-8 weeks, unless they receive 800 µg/day. The current supplementation recommendations are not sufficient in countries not applying fortification.\n The trial was registered at The German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS-ID: DRKS00009770.\n\nPilz, Stefan\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n160262\nAllergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\nDhami, S\n\nNurmatov, U\n\nArasi, S\n\nKhan, T\n\nAsaria, M\n\nZaman, H\n\nAgarwal, A\n\nNetuveli, G\n\nRoberts, G\n\nPfaar, O\n\nMuraro, A\n\nAnsotegui, IJ\n\nCalderon, M\n\nCingi, C\n\nDurham, S\n\nvan Wijk, RG\n\nHalken, S\n\nHamelmann, E\n\nHellings, P\n\nJacobsen, L\n\nKnol, E\n\nLarenas-Linnemann, D\n\nLin, S\n\nMaggina, P\n\nMösges, R\n\nOude Elberink, H\n\nPajno, G\n\nPanwankar, R\n\nPastorello, E\n\nPenagos, M\n\nPitsios, C\n\nRotiroti, G\n\nTimmermans, F\n\nTsilochristou, O\n\nVarga, EM\n\nSchmidt-Weber, C\n\nWilkinson, J\n\nWilliams, A\n\nWorm, M\n\nZhang, L\n\nSheikh, A\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000413151200001\n28493631.0\n10.1111/all.13201\nNone\nThe European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is in the process of developing Guidelines on Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) for Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis. To inform the development of clinical recommendations, we undertook a systematic review to assess the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of AIT in the management of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.\n We searched nine international biomedical databases for published, in-progress, and unpublished evidence. Studies were independently screened by two reviewers against predefined eligibility criteria and critically appraised using established instruments. Our primary outcomes of interest were symptom, medication, and combined symptom and medication scores. Secondary outcomes of interest included cost-effectiveness and safety. Data were descriptively summarized and then quantitatively synthesized using random-effects meta-analyses.\n We identified 5960 studies of which 160 studies satisfied our eligibility criteria. There was a substantial body of evidence demonstrating significant reductions in standardized mean differences (SMD) of symptom (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.63, -0.42), medication (SMD -0.37, 95% CI -0.49, -0.26), and combined symptom and medication (SMD -0.49, 95% CI -0.69, -0.30) scores while on treatment that were robust to prespecified sensitivity analyses. There was in comparison a more modest body of evidence on effectiveness post-discontinuation of AIT, suggesting a benefit in relation to symptom scores.\n AIT is effective in improving symptom, medication, and combined symptom and medication scores in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis while on treatment, and there is some evidence suggesting that these benefits are maintained in relation to symptom scores after discontinuation of therapy.\n © 2017 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.\n\nVarga, Eva-Maria\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n163321\nAtypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma harbor frequent NOTCH1/2 and FAT1 mutations and similar DNA copy number alteration profiles.\n\nGriewank, KG\n\nWiesner, T\n\nMurali, R\n\nPischler, C\n\nMüller, H\n\nKoelsche, C\n\nMöller, I\n\nFranklin, C\n\nCosgarea, I\n\nSucker, A\n\nSchadendorf, D\n\nSchaller, J\n\nHorn, S\n\nBrenn, T\n\nMentzel, T\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000427040000005\n29099504.0\n10.1038/modpathol.2017.146\nPMC7463132\nAtypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas are tumors arising in sun-damaged skin of elderly patients. They have differing prognoses and are currently distinguished using histological criteria, such as invasion of deeper tissue structures, necrosis and lymphovascular or perineural invasion. To investigate the as-yet poorly understood genetics of these tumors, 41 atypical fibroxanthomas and 40 pleomorphic dermal sarcomas were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing approaches as well as DNA copy number analysis by comparative genomic hybridization. In an analysis of the entire coding region of 341 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in 13 atypical fibroxanthomas using an established hybridization-based next-generation sequencing approach, we found that these tumors harbor a large number of mutations. Gene alterations were identified in more than half of the analyzed samples in FAT1, NOTCH1/2, CDKN2A, TP53, and the TERT promoter. The presence of these alterations was verified in 26 atypical fibroxanthoma and 35 pleomorphic dermal sarcoma samples by targeted amplicon-based next-generation sequencing. Similar mutation profiles in FAT1, NOTCH1/2, CDKN2A, TP53, and the TERT promoter were identified in both atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma. Activating RAS mutations (G12 and G13) identified in 3 pleomorphic dermal sarcoma were not found in atypical fibroxanthoma. Comprehensive DNA copy number analysis demonstrated a wide array of different copy number gains and losses, with similar profiles in atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma. In summary, atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma are highly mutated tumors with recurrent mutations in FAT1, NOTCH1/2, CDKN2A, TP53, and the TERT promoter, and a range of DNA copy number alterations. These findings suggest that atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas are genetically related, potentially representing two ends of a common tumor spectrum and distinguishing these entities is at present still best performed using histological criteria.\n\nPischler, Carina\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n167154\nNa+/Ca++ exchanger gene expression during experimental ischemia is differentially regulated by beta-blockers\n\nGasser, R\n\nGasser, S\n\nRoessl, U\n\nMachler, H\n\nYates, A\n\nPorta, S\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000429109000001\nNone\n10.5414/TEX01493\nNone\nCellular Ca++-homeostasis is largely maintained by the transmembrane Na+/Ca++ exchanger (NCX; 1SLC8A1 (Solute Carrier Family 8, member 16; NCX1)). NCX is a bidirectional transporter that normally extrudes Ca++ from the cell (forward mode), but also brings Ca++ into the cell (reverse mode) under special circumstances such as intracellular Na+ accumulation or membrane depolarization. Changes in NCX function may cause abnormal Ca++ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and increase the propensity to abnormal cardiac electrical activity and arrhythmias of all kinds. Here, using microarray gene expression profiling technique, validated by real-time PCR, we find that NCX1 gene expression is significantly down-regulated by nebivolol compared to atenolol in simulated ischemic/hypoxic (N-2-perfused) preparations. In the microarray preliminary analyses we found that NCX1 gene expression is significantly down-regulated by nebivolol compared to atenolol both in O-2-perfused preparations and simulated ischemia/hypoxia (N-2-perfused) preparations. In the presence of atenolol, however, down-regulation of NCX1 is only minimal. Using real-time PCR, we have validated whether or not NCX1 gene expression is significantly down-regulated by nebivolol compared to atenolol in simulated ischemia/hypoxia (N-2-perfused) preparations. It can be seen that without the influence of beta-blockers there is no significant regulation of NCX1-expression during myocardial ischemia. There is however, a significant difference between the expression of NCX1 during myocardial ischemia in the presence of atenolol (18.0 + 0.6) and nebivolol (13.6 + 0.3; + SEM; p < 0.05): NCX1-expression is decreased during ischemia in the presence of nebivolol. Here, confirmed by real time PCR, the finding that NCX1 gene expression is significantly down-regulated by nebivolol compared to atenolol in simulated ischemia/hypoxia (N-2-perfused) preparations may argue for a higher protective, anti-ischemic but also anti-arrhythmic potential of nebivolol compared to standard beta-blockers like atenolol. Especially patients with ischemia-triggered arrhythmias - patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, not re-vascularized ischemia, large myocardial scars - may profit from this particular property of nebivolol over atenolol.\n\nGasser, Robert\n\nMächler, Heinrich\n\nYates, Ameli\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n176242\nFree thoracodorsal, perforator-scapular flap based on the angular artery (TDAP-Scap-aa): Clinical experiences and description of a novel technique for single flap reconstruction of extensive oromandibular defects.\n\nPau, M\n\nWallner, J\n\nFeichtinger, M\n\nSchwaiger, M\n\nEgger, J\n\nCambiaso-Daniel, J\n\nWinter, R\n\nJakse, N\n\nZemann, W\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000489260300018\n31387831.0\n10.1016/j.jcms.2019.07.021\nNone\nThe reconstruction of oromandibular defects can be challenging, particularly when considerable amounts of bone and soft tissues are lost. In such cases, the use of a single flap may be unsatisfactory and a concomitant free flap is needed. Here we present a chimeric, thoracodorsal perforator-scapular free flap based on the angular artery of the subscapular system (TDAP-Scap-aa) as an alternative technique for single flap reconstruction of extensive oromandibular defects.\n The authors studied patients who underwent reconstructions of extensive oromandibular defects with a TDAP-Scap-aa free flap. The operative technique and the clinical experiences are described. Postoperatively, surgical complications were classified with the Clavien-Dindo Classification.\n Five male patients (59.4 ± 8.8 years) were treated with the TDAP-Scap-aa. Average sizes for harvested hard and soft tissue components, which are both included in the flap and completely independently from each other, were 10.4 ± 1.5 cm of bone length, 2.6 ± 0.3 cm of bone height, 11.6 ± 4.8 cm of skin paddle length and 8.4 ± 1.7 cm of skin paddle width. The overall mean operation time (cut-suture) was 14.6 ± 0.9 h. The postoperative follow-up was 6 months. No complications requiring surgical treatment as well as donor site nerve damages were observed.\n In comparison to other double free flaps, the TDAP-Scap-aa offers several advantages such as higher amounts of hard and soft tissues without prolonged operation times, and provides satisfying aesthetic outcomes and little donor site morbidity due to the preservation of muscle and nerve structures. Therefore, the TDAP-Scap-aa constitutes a clinically reliable alternative in extensive oromandibular defect reconstruction.\n Copyright © 2019 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.\n\nCambiaso Daniel, Janos\n\nEgger, Jan\n\nJakse, Norbert\n\nSchwaiger, Michael\n\nWallner, Jürgen\n\nWinter, Raimund\n\nZemann, Wolfgang\n\n\n"
},
{
"text": "\n177291\nComparison of the Fluid Resuscitation Rate with and without External Pressure Using Two Intraosseous Infusion Systems for Adult Emergencies, the CITRIN (Comparison of InTRaosseous infusion systems in emergency medicINe)-Study.\n\nHammer, N\n\nMöbius, R\n\nGries, A\n\nHossfeld, B\n\nBechmann, I\n\nBernhard, M\n\nBeiträge in Fachzeitschriften\nISI:000365926300090\n26630579.0\n10.1371/journal.pone.0143726\nPMC4668027\nIntraosseous infusion is recommended if peripheral venous access fails for cardiopulmonary resuscitation or other medical emergencies. The aim of this study, using body donors, was to compare a semi-automatic (EZ-IO®) device at two insertion sites and a sternal intraosseous infusion device (FASTR™).\n Twenty-seven medical students being inexperienced first-time users were randomized into three groups using EZ-IO and FASTR. The following data were evaluated: attempts required for successful placement, insertion time and flow rates with and without external pressure to the infusion.\n The first-pass insertion success of the EZ-IO tibia, EZ-IO humerus and FASTR was 91%, 77%, and 95%, respectively. Insertion times (MW ± SD) did not show significant differences with 17 ± 7 (EZ-IO tibia) vs. 29 ± 42 (EZ-IO humerus) vs. 33 ± 21 (FASTR), respectively. One-minute flow rates using external pressures between 0 mmHg and 300 mmHg ranged between 27 ± 5 to 69 ± 54 ml/min (EZ-IO tibia), 16 ± 3 to 60 ± 44 ml/min (EZ-IO humerus) and 53 ± 2 to 112 ± 47 ml/min (FASTR), respectively. Concerning pressure-related increases in flow rates, negligible correlations were found for the EZ-IO tibia in all time frames (c = 0.107-0.366; p ≤ 0.013), moderate positive correlations were found for the EZ-IO humerus after 5 minutes (c = 0.489; p = 0.021) and strong positive correlations were found for the FASTR in all time frames (c = 0.63-0.80; p ≤ 0.007). Post-hoc statistical power was 0.62 with the given sample size.\n The experiments with first-time users applying EZ-IO and FASTR in body donors indicate that both devices may be effective intraosseous infusion devices, likely suitable for fluid resuscitation using a pressure bag. Variations in flow rate may limit their reliability. Larger sample sizes will prospectively be required to substantiate our findings.\n\nHammer, Niels\n\n\n"
}
]
}